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Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a crucial method for training or fine-tuning large language models (LLMs), enabling adaptive, task-specific optimizations through interactive feedback. Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Junwei Su , Chuan Wu

Recent advances in efficient sequence modeling have introduced selective state-space layers, a key component of the Mamba architecture, which have demonstrated remarkable success in a wide range of NLP and vision tasks. While Mamba's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Edo Cohen-Karlik , Itamar Zimerman , Liane Galanti , Ido Atad , Amir Globerson , Lior Wolf

In cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), the permutation problem where the state space grows exponentially with the number of agents reduces sample efficiency. Additionally, many existing architectures struggle with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Hyunwoo Park , Baekryun Seong , Sang-Ki Ko

In recent years, Transformers have become the de-facto architecture for sequence modeling on text and a variety of multi-dimensional data, such as images and video. However, the use of self-attention layers in a Transformer incurs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Shufan Li , Harkanwar Singh , Aditya Grover

Transformers have demonstrated impressive results for 3D point cloud semantic segmentation. However, the quadratic complexity of transformer makes computation costs high, limiting the number of points that can be processed simultaneously…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Zhuoyuan Li , Yubo Ai , Jiahao Lu , ChuXin Wang , Jiacheng Deng , Hanzhi Chang , Yanzhe Liang , Wenfei Yang , Shifeng Zhang , Tianzhu Zhang

As one of the most representative DL techniques, Transformer architecture has empowered numerous advanced models, especially the large language models (LLMs) that comprise billions of parameters, becoming a cornerstone in deep learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Haohao Qu , Liangbo Ning , Rui An , Wenqi Fan , Tyler Derr , Hui Liu , Xin Xu , Qing Li

Multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR) remains a challenging task, especially when balancing performance across high- and low-resource languages. Recent advances in sequence modeling suggest that architectures beyond Transformers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Mohamed Nabih Ali , Daniele Falavigna , Alessio Brutti

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is a promising area of research that can model and control multiple, autonomous decision-making agents. During online training, MARL algorithms involve performance-intensive computations such as…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Kailash Gogineni , Peng Wei , Tian Lan , Guru Venkataramani

Selective State-Space Models (SSMs) such as Mamba have emerged as an alternative architecture to self-attention based transformers in sequence modeling tasks. Recent works have demonstrated the use of transformers in some filtering and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-28 Alex Tang , M. Emrullah Ildiz , Batin Kurt , Samet Oymak , Necmiye Ozay

While the conditional sequence modeling with the transformer architecture has demonstrated its effectiveness in dealing with offline reinforcement learning (RL) tasks, it is struggle to handle out-of-distribution states and actions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Qi Lv , Xiang Deng , Gongwei Chen , Michael Yu Wang , Liqiang Nie

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has shown clear effectiveness in coordinating multiple agents across simulated benchmarks and constrained scenarios. However, its deployment in real-world multi-agent systems (MAS) remains limited,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Siyi Hu , Mohamad A Hady , Jianglin Qiao , Jimmy Cao , Mahardhika Pratama , Ryszard Kowalczyk

State Space Models (SSMs) have emerged as efficient alternatives to Transformers for sequential modeling, but their inability to leverage modality-specific features limits their performance in multi-modal pretraining. Here, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Weixin Liang , Junhong Shen , Genghan Zhang , Ning Dong , Luke Zettlemoyer , Lili Yu

This paper introduces VMatcher, a hybrid Mamba-Transformer network for semi-dense feature matching between image pairs. Learning-based feature matching methods, whether detector-based or detector-free, achieve state-of-the-art performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Ali Youssef

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has been gaining extensive attention from academia and industries in the past few decades. One of the fundamental problems in MARL is how to evaluate different approaches comprehensively. Most…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Zhiuxan Liang , Jiannong Cao , Shan Jiang , Divya Saxena , Jinlin Chen , Huafeng Xu

State-space models (SSMs) have recently demonstrated competitive performance to transformers at large-scale language modeling benchmarks while achieving linear time and memory complexity as a function of sequence length. Mamba, a recently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Quentin Anthony , Yury Tokpanov , Paolo Glorioso , Beren Millidge

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is an increasingly important research field that can model and control multiple large-scale autonomous systems. Despite its achievements, existing multi-agent learning methods typically involve…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Kailash Gogineni , Peng Wei , Tian Lan , Guru Venkataramani

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have attracted widespread interest and have rich applications. However, the inherent attention mechanism in its Transformer structure requires quadratic complexity and results in expensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Yanyuan Qiao , Zheng Yu , Longteng Guo , Sihan Chen , Zijia Zhao , Mingzhen Sun , Qi Wu , Jing Liu

Efficient long-context language modeling remains a significant challenge in Natural Language Processing (NLP). While Transformers dominate language tasks, they struggle with long sequences due to quadratic computational complexity in…

Mamba, a special case of the State Space Model, is gaining popularity as an alternative to template-based deep learning approaches in medical image analysis. While transformers are powerful architectures, they have drawbacks, including…

U-shaped architectures have long dominated the field of medical image segmentation, while Transformers are widely employed for modeling long-range dependencies. The former typically handles scale variations implicitly by aggregating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yanhua Zhang , Ke Zhang , Jingyu Wang , Gabriella Balestra , Samanta Rosati , Yulin Wu , Wuwei Wang , Valentina Giannini