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The importance of the energy spectrum of bound states and their restrictions in quantum mechanics due to the different methods have been used for calculating and determining the limit of them. Comparison of Schrodinger-like equation…
We show that an unambiguous and correct quantization of the second-class constrained system of a free particle on a sphere in $D$ dimensions is possible only by converting the constraints to abelian gauge constraints, which are of first…
In this paper we explore the idea of looking at the Dirac quantisation conditions as $\hbar$-dependent constraints on the tangent bundle to phase-space. Starting from the path-integral version of classical mechanics and using the natural…
The way of finding all the constraints in the Hamiltonian formulation of singular (in particular, gauge) theories is called the Dirac procedure. The constraints are naturally classified according to the correspondig stages of this…
The Dirac method is used to analyze the classical and quantum dynamics of a particle constrained on a circle. The method of Lagrange multipliers is scrutinized, in particular in relation to the quantization procedure. Ordering problems are…
We present the Dirac Hamiltonian formalism for a pair of $1$-form fields with a topological-like potential coupled to first-order gravity in three-dimensional spacetime. By considering the complete phase space, we derive the full structure…
We develop a general canonical quantization scheme for $k$-essence cosmology in scalar-tensor theory. Utilizing the Dirac-Bergmann algorithm, we construct the Hamiltonian associated with the cosmological field equations and identify the…
The Hamilton-Jacobi formalism of constrained systems is used to study superstring. That obtained the equations of motion for a singular system as total differential equations in many variables. These equations of motion are in exact…
From the point of view of canonical quantum gravity, it has become imperative to find a framework for quantization which provides a {\em general} prescription to find the physical inner product, and is flexible enough to accommodate…
Exact procedures that follow Dirac's constraint quantization of gauge theories are usually technically involved and often difficult to implement in practice. We overview an "effective" scheme for obtaining the leading order semiclassical…
The Hamiltonian treatment of constrained systems in $G\ddot{u}ler's$ formalism leads us to the total differential equations in many variables. These equations are integrable if the corresponding system of partial differential equations is a…
A supersymmetric breaking procedure for $N=1$ Super KdV, using a Clifford algebra, is implemented. Dirac's method for the determination of constraints is used to obtain the Hamiltonian structure, via a Lagrangian, for the resulting…
A new framework for deriving equations of motion for constrained quantum systems is introduced, and a procedure for its implementation is outlined. In special cases the framework reduces to a quantum analogue of the Dirac theory of…
The Dirac-Bergmann algorithm for the Hamiltonian analysis of constrained systems is a nice and powerful tool, widely used for quantization and non-perturbative counting of degrees of freedom. However, certain aspects of its application to…
We present a novel framework for quantizing constrained quantum systems in which the processes of quantization and constraint enforcement are performed simultaneously. The approach is based on an extension of the stationary action…
In a series of seminal papers, Laddha and Varadarajan have developed in depth the quantisation of Parametrised Field Theory (PFT) in the kind of discontinuous representations that are employed in Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG). In one spatial…
Hamiltonian constraints feature in the canonical formulation of general relativity. Unlike typical constraints they cannot be associated with a reduction procedure leading to a non-trivial reduced phase space and this means the physical…
First-class constraints constitute a potential obstacle to the computation of a Poisson bracket in Dirac's theory of constrained Hamiltonian systems. Using the pseudoinverse instead of the inverse of the matrix defined by the Poisson…
An extension of the Dirac procedure for the quantization of constrained systems is necessary to address certain issues that are left open in Dirac's original proposal. These issues play an important role especially in the context of…
We present a theory describing the superconducting (SC) interaction of Dirac electrons in a quasi-two-dimensional system consisting of a stack of N planes. The occurrence of a SC phase is investigated both at T=0 and T\neq 0, in the case of…