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Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is a key retrieval technique for vector database and many data center applications, such as person re-identification and recommendation systems. It is also fundamental to retrieval augmented…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Yitu Wang , Shiyu Li , Qilin Zheng , Linghao Song , Zongwang Li , Andrew Chang , Hai "Helen" Li , Yiran Chen

The in-memory approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) algorithms have achieved great success for fast high-recall query processing, but are extremely inefficient when handling hybrid queries with unstructured (i.e., feature vectors) and…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Wei Wu , Junlin He , Yu Qiao , Guoheng Fu , Li Liu , Jin Yu

We consider the fundamental problem of decomposing a large-scale approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) problem into smaller sub-problems. The goal is to partition the input points into neighborhood-preserving shards, so that the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Lars Gottesbüren , Laxman Dhulipala , Rajesh Jayaram , Jakub Lacki

Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) search has become fundamental to modern AI infrastructure, powering recommendation systems, search engines, and large language models across industry leaders from Google to OpenAI. Hierarchical Navigable…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Ganap Ashit Tewary , Nrusinga Charan Gantayat , Jeff Zhang

We study the Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) problem under a powerful adaptive adversary that controls both the dataset and a sequence of $Q$ queries. Primarily, for the high-dimensional regime of $d = \omega(\sqrt{Q})$, we introduce a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Alexandr Andoni , Themistoklis Haris , Esty Kelman , Krzysztof Onak

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANN) data structures have widespread applications in machine learning, computational biology, and text processing. The goal of ANN is to preprocess a set S so that, given a query q, we can find a point y…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Samuel McCauley

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is a fundamental problem in many areas of machine learning and data mining. During the past decade, numerous hashing algorithms are proposed to solve this problem. Every proposed algorithm claims…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Deng Cai

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is a cornerstone algorithm for information retrieval, recommendation systems, and machine learning applications. While x86-based architectures have historically dominated this domain, the…

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS), as the core of vector databases (VectorDBs), has become widely used in modern AI and ML systems, powering applications from information retrieval to bio-informatics. While graph-based ANNS methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Dingyi Kang , Dongming Jiang , Hanshen Yang , Hang Liu , Bingzhe Li

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) in high-dimensional space is an essential operator in many online services, such as information retrieval and recommendation. Indices constructed by the state-of-the-art ANNS algorithms must be…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Kun Yu , Jiabao Jin , Xiaoyao Zhong , Peng Cheng , Lei Chen , Zhitao Shen , Jingkuan Song , Hengtao Shen , Xuemin Lin

We study the problem of approximate near neighbor (ANN) search and show the following results: - An improved framework for solving the ANN problem using locality-sensitive hashing, reducing the number of evaluations of locality-sensitive…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Tobias Christiani

As the dimensionality of modern learned representations increases to thousands of dimensions, the state-of-the-art Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) indices exhibit severe limitations. Graph-based methods (e.g., HNSW) suffer from…

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is a crucial problem in information retrieval and AI applications. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in graph-based ANNS algorithms due to their superior efficiency and accuracy.…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zhenxin Li , Shuibing He , Jiahao Guo , Xuechen Zhang , Xian-He Sun , Gang Chen

With the continuous popularity of deep learning and representation learning, fast vector search becomes a vital task in various ranking/retrieval based applications, say recommendation, ads ranking and question answering. Neural network…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Weijie Zhao , Shulong Tan , Ping Li

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is a fundamental operation in vector databases, enabling efficient similarity search in high-dimensional spaces. While dense ANNS has been optimized using specialized hardware accelerators, sparse…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Tianqi Zhang , Flavio Ponzina , Tajana Rosing

Approximate $k$-nearest neighbor (AKNN) search is a fundamental problem with wide applications. To reduce memory and accelerate search, vector quantization is widely adopted. However, existing quantization methods either rely on codebooks…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Mingyu Yang , Liuchang Jing , Wentao Li , Wei Wang

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is a fundamental problem in databases and data mining. A scalable ANNS algorithm should be both memory-efficient and fast. Some early graph-based approaches have shown attractive theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Cong Fu , Chao Xiang , Changxu Wang , Deng Cai

In embedding-based retrieval, Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) search enables efficient retrieval of similar items from large-scale datasets. While maximizing recall of relevant items is usually the goal of retrieval systems, a low…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Nicholas Rossi , Juexin Lin , Feng Liu , Zhen Yang , Tony Lee , Alessandro Magnani , Ciya Liao

A critical piece of the modern information retrieval puzzle is approximate nearest neighbor search. Its objective is to return a set of $k$ data points that are closest to a query point, with its accuracy measured by the proportion of exact…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Thomas Vecchiato , Claudio Lucchese , Franco Maria Nardini , Sebastian Bruch

We present a novel search optimization solution for approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search on resource-constrained edge devices. Traditional ANN approaches fall short in meeting the specific demands of real-world scenarios, e.g., skewed…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Jianwei Zhang , Helian Feng , Xin He , Grant P. Strimel , Farhad Ghassemi , Ali Kebarighotbi