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Microplastic particle ingestion or inhalation by humans is a problem of growing concern. Unfortunately, current research methods that use machine learning to understand their potential harms are obstructed by a lack of available data. Deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Daniel Platnick , Sourena Khanzadeh , Alireza Sadeghian , Richard Anthony Valenzano

Synthetic data generation offers promise for addressing data scarcity and privacy concerns in educational technology, yet practitioners lack empirical guidance for selecting between traditional resampling techniques and modern deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Tapiwa Amion Chinodakufa , Ashfaq Ali Shafin , Khandaker Mamun Ahmed

Multimodal embedding models have gained significant attention for their ability to map data from different modalities, such as text and images, into a unified representation space. However, the limited labeled multimodal data often hinders…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Haonan Chen , Liang Wang , Nan Yang , Yutao Zhu , Ziliang Zhao , Furu Wei , Zhicheng Dou

Reward modeling, crucial for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences, is often bottlenecked by the high cost of preference data. Existing textual data synthesis methods are computationally expensive. We propose a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Leitian Tao , Xuefeng Du , Sharon Li

The evaluation of machine learning models using human-labeled validation data can be expensive and time-consuming. AI-labeled synthetic data can be used to decrease the number of human annotations required for this purpose in a process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Pierre Boyeau , Anastasios N. Angelopoulos , Nir Yosef , Jitendra Malik , Michael I. Jordan

Ensuring the reliability of autonomous driving perception systems requires extensive environment-based testing, yet real-world execution is often impractical. Synthetic datasets have therefore emerged as a promising alternative, offering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Dingyi Yao , Xinyao Han , Ruibo Ming , Zhihang Song , Lihui Peng , Jianming Hu , Danya Yao , Yi Zhang

Generative models have the ability to synthesize data points drawn from the data distribution, however, not all generated samples are high quality. In this paper, we propose using a combination of coresets selection methods and ``entropic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Omead Pooladzandi , Pasha Khosravi , Erik Nijkamp , Baharan Mirzasoleiman

Word embeddings are a powerful approach for analyzing language and have been widely popular in numerous tasks in information retrieval and text mining. Training embeddings over huge corpora is computationally expensive because the input is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Avishek Anand , Megha Khosla , Jaspreet Singh , Jan-Hendrik Zab , Zijian Zhang

Individual-level data (microdata) that characterizes a population, is essential for studying many real-world problems. However, acquiring such data is not straightforward due to cost and privacy constraints, and access is often limited to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Angeela Acharya , Siddhartha Sikdar , Sanmay Das , Huzefa Rangwala

With the rapid adoption of diffusion models, synthetic data generation has emerged as a promising approach for addressing the growing demand for large-scale image datasets. However, images generated purely by diffusion models often exhibit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Thejas Venkatesh , Suguna Varshini Velury

Recent advances in large language model (LLM) training have highlighted the need for diverse, high-quality instruction data. Recently, many works are exploring synthetic data generation using LLMs. However, they primarily focus on prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Yifang Chen , David Zhu , Simon Du , Kevin Jamieson , Yang Liu

This paper addresses the challenge of overfitting in the learning of dynamical systems by introducing a novel approach for the generation of synthetic data, aimed at enhancing model generalization and robustness in scenarios characterized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Dario Piga , Matteo Rufolo , Gabriele Maroni , Manas Mejari , Marco Forgione

Synthetic data augmentation helps language models learn new knowledge in data-constrained domains. However, naively scaling existing synthetic data methods by training on more synthetic tokens or using stronger generators yields diminishing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Seungju Han , Konwoo Kim , Chanwoo Park , Benjamin Newman , Suhas Kotha , Jaehun Jung , James Zou , Yejin Choi

Synthetic training data has gained prominence in numerous learning tasks and scenarios, offering advantages such as dataset augmentation, generalization evaluation, and privacy preservation. Despite these benefits, the efficiency of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Jianhao Yuan , Jie Zhang , Shuyang Sun , Philip Torr , Bo Zhao

Embedding models have been an effective learning paradigm for high-dimensional data. However, one open issue of embedding models is that their representations (latent factors) often result in large parameter space. We observe that existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Xupeng Miao , Hailin Zhang , Yining Shi , Xiaonan Nie , Zhi Yang , Yangyu Tao , Bin Cui

Deep learning has revolutionized many industries by enabling models to automatically learn complex patterns from raw data, reducing dependence on manual feature engineering. However, deep learning algorithms are sensitive to input data, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Mert Sehri , Zehui Hua , Francisco de Assis Boldt , Patrick Dumond

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) allows model builders to capture the task-specific parameters into adapters, which are a fraction of the size of the original base model. Popularity of PEFT technique for fine-tuning has led to the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Saransh Gupta , Umesh Deshpande , Travis Janssen , Swami Sundararaman

Synthetic tabular data generation has emerged as a promising method to address limited data availability and privacy concerns. With the sharp increase in the performance of large language models in recent years, researchers have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Reilly Cannon , Nicolette M. Laird , Caesar Vazquez , Andy Lin , Amy Wagler , Tony Chiang

Developing scalable solutions for training Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for link prediction tasks is challenging due to the high data dependencies which entail high computational cost and huge memory footprint. We propose a new method for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Nasrullah Sheikh , Xiao Qin , Berthold Reinwald , Chuan Lei

As large language models (LLMs) are applied to more use cases, creating high quality, task-specific datasets for fine-tuning becomes a bottleneck for model improvement. Using high quality human data has been the most common approach to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Yung-Chieh Chan , George Pu , Apaar Shanker , Parth Suresh , Penn Jenks , John Heyer , Sam Denton