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Reranking is a critical component in recommender systems, playing an essential role in refining the output of recommendation algorithms. Traditional reranking models have focused predominantly on accuracy, but modern applications demand…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Jingtong Gao , Bo Chen , Weiwen Liu , Xiangyang Li , Yichao Wang , Wanyu Wang , Huifeng Guo , Ruiming Tang , Xiangyu Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable zero-shot generalization across various language-related tasks, including search engines. However, existing work utilizes the generative ability of LLMs for Information Retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Weiwei Sun , Lingyong Yan , Xinyu Ma , Shuaiqiang Wang , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Dawei Yin , Zhaochun Ren

As more content generated by large language models (LLMs) floods into the Internet, information retrieval (IR) systems now face the challenge of distinguishing and handling a blend of human-authored and machine-generated texts. Recent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Wei Huang , Keping Bi , Yinqiong Cai , Wei Chen , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

In this paper, we introduce Rank-R1, a novel LLM-based reranker that performs reasoning over both the user query and candidate documents before performing the ranking task. Existing document reranking methods based on large language models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Shengyao Zhuang , Xueguang Ma , Bevan Koopman , Jimmy Lin , Guido Zuccon

LLMs have garnered substantial attention in recommendation systems. Yet they fall short of traditional recommenders when capturing complex preference patterns. Recent works have tried integrating traditional recommendation embeddings into…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yuting Zhang , Ziliang Pei , Chao Wang , Ying Sun , Fuzhen Zhuang

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional reasoning abilities, enabling strong generalization across diverse tasks such as commonsense reasoning and instruction following. However, as LLMs scale, inference costs become…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Rhea Sanjay Sukthanker , Benedikt Staffler , Frank Hutter , Aaron Klein

This critical review provides an in-depth analysis of Large Language Models (LLMs), encompassing their foundational principles, diverse applications, and advanced training methodologies. We critically examine the evolution from Recurrent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Milad Moradi , Ke Yan , David Colwell , Matthias Samwald , Rhona Asgari

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at text summarization, a task that requires models to select content based on its importance. However, the exact notion of salience that LLMs have internalized remains unclear. To bridge this gap, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Jan Trienes , Jörg Schlötterer , Junyi Jessy Li , Christin Seifert

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in information systems, including being used as second-stage rerankers in information retrieval pipelines, yet their susceptibility to recency bias has received little attention. We…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Hanpei Fang , Sijie Tao , Nuo Chen , Kai-Xin Chang , Tetsuya Sakai

Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly popular in pervasive computing due to their versatility and strong performance. However, despite their ubiquitous use, the exact mechanisms underlying their outstanding performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Alhassan Abdelhalim , Janick Edinger , Sören Laue , Michaela Regneri

In search settings, calibrating the scores during the ranking process to quantities such as click-through rates or relevance levels enhances a system's usefulness and trustworthiness for downstream users. While previous research has…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Puxuan Yu , Daniel Cohen , Hemank Lamba , Joel Tetreault , Alex Jaimes

Large language models (LLMs) have led to breakthroughs in language tasks, yet the internal mechanisms that enable their remarkable generalization and reasoning abilities remain opaque. This lack of transparency presents challenges such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Haiyan Zhao , Fan Yang , Bo Shen , Himabindu Lakkaraju , Mengnan Du

Text classification has long been a staple within Natural Language Processing (NLP) with applications spanning across diverse areas such as sentiment analysis, recommender systems and spam detection. With such a powerful solution, it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Amir Atapour-Abarghouei , Stephen Bonner , Andrew Stephen McGough

Structured pruning is one of the representative techniques for compressing large language models (LLMs) to reduce GPU memory consumption and accelerate inference speed. It offers significant practical value in improving the efficiency of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Yiheng Liu , Junhao Ning , Sichen Xia , Xiaohui Gao , Ning Qiang , Bao Ge , Junwei Han , Xintao Hu

Reranking is fundamental to information retrieval and retrieval-augmented generation, with recent Large Language Models (LLMs) significantly advancing reranking quality. Most current works rely on large-scale LLMs (>7B parameters),…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Xianming Li , Aamir Shakir , Rui Huang , Tsz-fung Andrew Lee , Julius Lipp , Benjamin Clavié , Jing Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are often used as automated judges to evaluate text, but their effectiveness can be hindered by various unintentional biases. We propose using linear classifying probes, trained by leveraging differences between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Sharan Maiya , Yinhong Liu , Ramit Debnath , Anna Korhonen

Passage re-ranking is to obtain a permutation over the candidate passage set from retrieval stage. Re-rankers have been boomed by Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) due to their overwhelming advantages in natural language understanding.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Qian Dong , Yiding Liu , Suqi Cheng , Shuaiqiang Wang , Zhicong Cheng , Shuzi Niu , Dawei Yin

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence have sparked interest in the parallels between large language models (LLMs) and human neural processing, particularly in language comprehension. While prior research has established…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Gavin Mischler , Yinghao Aaron Li , Stephan Bickel , Ashesh D. Mehta , Nima Mesgarani

Large Language Models (LLMs) often generate inaccurate responses (hallucinations) when faced with questions beyond their knowledge scope. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses this by leveraging external knowledge, but a critical…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Haoxiang Jin , Ronghan Li , Zixiang Lu , Qiguang Miao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant strides across various information retrieval tasks, particularly as rerankers, owing to their strong generalization and knowledge-transfer capabilities acquired from extensive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Rahul Seetharaman , Kaustubh D. Dhole , Aman Bansal