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Although large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive ability in code generation, they are still struggling to address the complicated intent provided by humans. It is widely acknowledged that humans typically employ planning…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xue Jiang , Yihong Dong , Lecheng Wang , Zheng Fang , Qiwei Shang , Ge Li , Zhi Jin , Wenpin Jiao

Informal natural language that describes code functionality, such as code comments or function documentation, may contain substantial information about a programs intent. However, there is typically no guarantee that a programs…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Madeline Endres , Sarah Fakhoury , Saikat Chakraborty , Shuvendu K. Lahiri

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and Copilot, are transforming software development by automating code generation and, arguably, enable rapid prototyping, support education, and boost productivity. Therefore, correctness and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Robin Beer , Alexander Feix , Tim Guttzeit , Tamara Muras , Vincent Müller , Maurice Rauscher , Florian Schäffler , Welf Löwe

Historically, programming language semantics has focused on assigning a precise mathematical meaning to programs. That meaning is a function from the program's input domain to its output domain determined solely by its syntactic structure.…

Autonomous program improvement typically involves automatically producing bug fixes and feature additions. Such program improvement can be accomplished by a combination of large language model (LLM) and program analysis capabilities, in the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Haifeng Ruan , Yuntong Zhang , Abhik Roychoudhury

Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, especially Large Language Models (LLMs), have started gaining popularity among researchers and software developers for generating source code. However, LLMs have been shown to generate code with…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Hyunjae Suh , Mahan Tafreshipour , Jiawei Li , Adithya Bhattiprolu , Iftekhar Ahmed

Among areas of software engineering where AI techniques -- particularly, Large Language Models -- seem poised to yield dramatic improvements, an attractive candidate is Automatic Program Repair (APR), the production of satisfactory…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Li Huang , Ilgiz Mustafin , Marco Piccioni , Alessandro Schena , Reto Weber , Bertrand Meyer

With the rapid advancement of AI, software engineering increasingly relies on AI-driven approaches, particularly language models (LMs), to enhance code performance. However, the trustworthiness and reliability of LMs remain significant…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Jingzhi Gong

Intent-Based Networking (IBN) presents a paradigm shift for network management, by promising to align intents and business objectives with network operations--in an automated manner. However, its practical realization is challenging: 1)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Kristina Dzeparoska , Ali Tizghadam , Alberto Leon-Garcia

Large language models show great promise in many domains, including programming. A promise is easy to make but hard to keep, and language models often fail to keep their promises, generating erroneous code. A promising avenue to keep models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Md Rakib Hossain Misu , Cristina V. Lopes , Iris Ma , James Noble

GitHub Copilot is an artificial intelligence model for automatically generating source code from natural language problem descriptions. Since June 2022, Copilot has officially been available for free to all students as a plug-in to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Paul Denny , Viraj Kumar , Nasser Giacaman

The latest paradigm shift in software development brings in the innovation and automation afforded by Large Language Models (LLMs), showcased by Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT), which has shown remarkable capacity to generate code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Xiaoyin Wang , Dakai Zhu

Code refinement aims to enhance existing code by addressing issues, refactoring, and optimizing to improve quality and meet specific requirements. As software projects scale in size and complexity, the traditional iterative exchange between…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Qi Guo , Xiaofei Xie , Shangqing Liu , Ming Hu , Xiaohong Li , Lei Bu

The growing use of large language models (LLMs) has increased the importance of natural language (NL) in software engineering. However, ambiguity of NL can harm software quality, as unclear problem descriptions may lead to incorrect program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Haoxiang Jia , Robbie Morris , He Ye , Federica Sarro , Sergey Mechtaev

LLM-based assistants, such as GitHub Copilot and ChatGPT, have the potential to generate code that fulfills a programming task described in a natural language description, referred to as a prompt. The widespread accessibility of these…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Sylvain Kouemo Ngassom , Arghavan Moradi Dakhel , Florian Tambon , Foutse Khomh

Data analysis is challenging as it requires synthesizing domain knowledge, statistical expertise, and programming skills. Assistants powered by large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, can assist analysts by translating natural…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Ken Gu , Ruoxi Shang , Tim Althoff , Chenglong Wang , Steven M. Drucker

Automatically generated code is gaining traction recently, owing to the prevalence of Large Language Models (LLMs). Further, the AlphaProof initiative has demonstrated the possibility of using AI for general mathematical reasoning.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Haoxin Tu , Huan Zhao , Yahui Song , Mehtab Zafar , Ruijie Meng , Abhik Roychoudhury

In today's software world with its cornucopia of reusable software libraries, when a programmer is faced with a programming task that they suspect can be completed through the use of a library, they often look for code examples using a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Geert Heyman , Rafael Huysegems , Pascal Justen , Tom Van Cutsem

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance across software engineering tasks, from code generation to translation. However, we identify and systematically evaluate a critical failure mode: Programming Language…

The increasing use of large language model (LLM)-powered code generation tools, such as GitHub Copilot, is transforming software engineering practices. This paper investigates how developers validate and repair code generated by Copilot and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Ningzhi Tang , Meng Chen , Zheng Ning , Aakash Bansal , Yu Huang , Collin McMillan , Toby Jia-Jun Li