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The scarcity of domain-specific dialogue datasets limits the development of dialogue systems across applications. Existing research is constrained by general or niche datasets that lack sufficient scale for training dialogue systems. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Sathya Krishnan Suresh , Wu Mengjun , Tushar Pranav , Eng Siong Chng

The in-context learning ability of large language models (LLMs) enables them to generalize to novel downstream tasks with relatively few labeled examples. However, they require enormous computational resources to be deployed. Alternatively,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Jean Kaddour , Qi Liu

Despite the effectiveness of data selection for large language models (LLMs) during pretraining and instruction fine-tuning phases, improving data efficiency in supervised fine-tuning (SFT) for specialized domains poses significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Yu Yang , Siddhartha Mishra , Jeffrey N Chiang , Baharan Mirzasoleiman

Large Language Model (LLM) agents increasingly use external tools for complex tasks and rely on embedding-based retrieval to select a small top-k subset for reasoning. As these systems scale, the robustness of this retrieval stage is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Hussein Jawad , Nicolas J-B Brunel

Recent advances in large language models have demonstrated that Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) with Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning data distilled from large reasoning models (e.g., DeepSeek R1) can effectively transfer reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Bin Yu , Hang Yuan , Haotian Li , Xueyin Xu , Yuliang Wei , Bailing Wang , Weizhen Qi , Kai Chen

Although LLMs have demonstrated improved performance by scaling parallel test-time compute, doing so relies on generating reasoning paths that are both diverse and accurate. For challenging problems, the forking tokens that trigger diverse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Sheng Jia , Xiao Wang , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan

Long-context supervised fine-tuning (Long-SFT) plays a vital role in enhancing the performance of large language models (LLMs) on long-context tasks. To smoothly adapt LLMs to long-context scenarios, this process typically entails training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Hongtao Xu , Wenting Shen , Yuanxin Wei , Ang Wang , Guo Runfan , Tianxing Wang , Yong Li , Mingzhen Li , Weile Jia

Supervised finetuning (SFT) on instruction datasets has played a crucial role in achieving the remarkable zero-shot generalization capabilities observed in modern large language models (LLMs). However, the annotation efforts required to…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive promise in code generation, yet their progress remains limited by the shortage of large-scale datasets that are both diverse and well-aligned with human reasoning. Most existing resources…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Amal Abed , Ivan Lukic , Jörg K. H. Franke , Frank Hutter

Critique ability, a meta-cognitive capability of humans, presents significant challenges for LLMs to improve. Recent works primarily rely on supervised fine-tuning (SFT) using critiques generated by a single LLM like GPT-4. However, these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Tian Lan , Wenwei Zhang , Chengqi Lyu , Shuaibin Li , Chen Xu , Heyan Huang , Dahua Lin , Xian-Ling Mao , Kai Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various tasks but face deployment challenges due to their massive computational demands. While post-training pruning methods like SparseGPT and Wanda can effectively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Qiao Xiao , Alan Ansell , Boqian Wu , Lu Yin , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Shiwei Liu , Decebal Constantin Mocanu

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods address the increasing size of Large Language Models (LLMs). Currently, many newly introduced PEFT methods are challenging to replicate, deploy, or compare with one another. To address this, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Robert Belanec , Ivan Srba , Maria Bielikova

In this work, we present a simple yet theoretically motivated improvement to Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) for the Large Language Model (LLM), addressing its limited generalization compared to reinforcement learning (RL). Through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Yongliang Wu , Yizhou Zhou , Zhou Ziheng , Yingzhe Peng , Xinyu Ye , Xinting Hu , Wenbo Zhu , Lu Qi , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Xu Yang

This study addresses the interaction challenges encountered by spoken dialogue systems (SDSs) when engaging with users who exhibit distinct conversational behaviors, particularly minors, in scenarios where data are scarce. We propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Zhiyang Qi , Michimasa Inaba

Optimizing data mixtures for supervised fine-tuning (SFT) of large language models (LLMs) is critical for developing general-purpose models, yet this area remains underexplored. In this paper, we frame data mixing as an optimization problem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yuan Li , Zhengzhong Liu , Eric Xing

Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance across diverse tasks, largely driven by high-quality web data used in pre-training. However, recent studies indicate this data source is rapidly depleting. Synthetic data emerges as a…

Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is an effective method for adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) on downstream tasks. However, variability in training data can hinder a model's ability to generalize across domains. This paper studies the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Davood Rafiei , Morgan Lindsay Heisler , Weiwei Zhang , Mohammadreza Pourreza , Yong Zhang

This research explores the application of large language models (LLMs) to generate synthetic datasets for Product Desirability Toolkit (PDT) testing, a key component in evaluating user sentiment and product experience. Utilizing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 John D. Hastings , Sherri Weitl-Harms , Joseph Doty , Zachary J. Myers , Warren Thompson

Synthetic data augmentation helps language models learn new knowledge in data-constrained domains. However, naively scaling existing synthetic data methods by training on more synthetic tokens or using stronger generators yields diminishing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Seungju Han , Konwoo Kim , Chanwoo Park , Benjamin Newman , Suhas Kotha , Jaehun Jung , James Zou , Yejin Choi

We investigate the potential of LLM-generated synthetic data for improving low-resource Machine Translation (MT). Focusing on seven diverse target languages, we construct a document-level synthetic corpus from English Europarl, and extend…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ona de Gibert , Joseph Attieh , Teemu Vahtola , Mikko Aulamo , Zihao Li , Raúl Vázquez , Tiancheng Hu , Jörg Tiedemann