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The persistent lack of spatially complete Antarctic sea ice thickness (SIT) data at sub-monthly resolution has fundamentally constrained the quantitative understanding of large-scale sea ice mass balance processes. In this study, a…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-05-13 Ziqi Ma , Qinghua Yang , Yue Xu , Wen Shi , Xiaoran Dong , Qian Shi , Hao Luo , Jiping Liu , Petteri Uotila , Yafei Nie

Reanalysis products such as the ERA5 reanalysis are commonly used as proxies for observed atmospheric conditions. These products are convenient to use due to their global coverage, the large number of available atmospheric variables and the…

Applications · Statistics 2025-07-03 Silius M. Vandeskog , Thordis L. Thorarinsdottir , Alex Lenkoski

Snow depth plays a central role in seasonal snowpack characterization and the terrestrial water cycle, yet remains challenging to estimate at high spatial resolution. Recent studies have shown that repeat-pass interferometric synthetic…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Nayan Yadav , Shadi Oveisgharan , Shirin Jalali

The Ice, Cloud, and Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) provides high-resolution measurements of sea ice height. Recent studies have developed machine learning methods on ICESat-2 data, primarily focusing on surface type classification.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Daehyeon Han , Morteza Karimzadeh

High-resolution climatic data are essential to many applications in environmental research. Here we develop a new semi-mechanistic downscaling approach for daily precipitation that incorporates high resolution (30 arc sec) satellite-derived…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-10-13 Dirk Nikolaus Karger , Adam M. Wilson , Colin Mahony , Niklaus E. Zimmermann , Walter Jetz

Accurate estimation of daily rainfall return levels associated with large return periods is needed for a number of hydrological planning purposes, including protective infrastructure, dams, and retention basins. This is especially relevant…

Forecasting of future snow depths is useful for many applications like road safety, winter sport activities, avalanche risk assessment and hydrology. Motivated by the lack of statistical forecasts models for snow depth, in this paper we…

Applications · Statistics 2019-01-16 Hugo Lewi Hammer

Current climate shift has significant impacts on both quality and quantity of snow precipitation. This directly influences spatial variability of the snowpack as well as cumulative snow height. Contemporary glacier retreat reorganizes…

Geophysics · Physics 2021-06-15 Eric Bernard , Jean-Michel Friedt , Madeleine Griselin

Airborne radar sensors capture the profile of snow layers present on top of an ice sheet. Accurate tracking of these layers is essential to calculate their thicknesses, which are required to investigate the contribution of polar ice cap…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Debvrat Varshney , Masoud Yari , Oluwanisola Ibikunle , Jilu Li , John Paden , Aryya Gangopadhyay , Maryam Rahnemoonfar

Tracking internal layers in radar echograms with high accuracy is essential for understanding ice sheet dynamics and quantifying the impact of accelerated ice discharge in Greenland and other polar regions due to contemporary global climate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Oluwanisola Ibikunle , Hara Talasila , Debvrat Varshney , Jilu Li , John Paden , Maryam Rahnemoonfar

Accurate forest canopy height estimation is essential for evaluating aboveground biomass and carbon stock dynamics, supporting ecosystem monitoring services like timber provisioning, climate change mitigation, and biodiversity conservation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Jose B. Castro , Cheryl Rogers , Camile Sothe , Dominic Cyr , Alemu Gonsamo

A novel algorithm is developed to downscale soil moisture (SM), obtained at satellite scales of 10-40 km by utilizing its temporal correlations to historical auxiliary data at finer scales. Including such correlations drastically reduces…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-01-22 Subit Chakrabarti , Jasmeet Judge , Tara Bongiovanni , Anand Rangarajan , Sanjay Ranka

Reanalyses such as ERA5 have long been foundational for weather and climate science. They have also found a new use case, as training and verification data for machine-learnt weather prediction (MLWP) models. Here we compare short-lead time…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-01-09 Hannah M. Christensen , Jack Barker , Bobby Antonio , Massimo Bonavita , Mohamed Dahoui , Patricia de Rosnay

Snow avalanches present significant risks to human life and infrastructure, particularly in mountainous regions, making effective monitoring crucial. Traditional monitoring methods, such as field observations, are limited by accessibility,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Filippo Maria Bianchi , Jakob Grahn

Snow density estimates below the surface, used with airplane-acquired ice-penetrating radar measurements, give a site-specific history of snow water accumulation. Because it is infeasible to drill snow cores across all of Antarctica to…

Applications · Statistics 2021-07-20 Philip A. White , Durban G. Keeler , Summer Rupper

This study presents a coupled physical statistical framework for retrieving snow water equivalent (SWE) in forested areas using dual frequency X and Ku band SAR observations. The method combines a multilayer snow hydrology model (MSHM) with…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-11-25 Siddharth Singh , Carrie Vuyovich , Ana P. Barros

The focus of our work is improving the interpretability of anomalies in climate models and advancing our understanding of Arctic melt dynamics. The Arctic and Antarctic ice sheets are experiencing rapid surface melting and increased…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Tolulope Ale , Nicole-Jeanne Schlegel , Vandana P. Janeja

In applications of climate information, coarse-resolution climate projections commonly need to be downscaled to a finer grid. One challenge of this requirement is the modeling of sub-grid variability and the spatial and temporal dependence…

There is an increasing need for high spatial and temporal resolution climate data for the wide community of researchers interested in climate change and its consequences. Currently, there is a large mismatch between the spatial resolutions…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-12-15 Richard Davy , Erik Kusch

Accurate acquisition of high-resolution surface meteorological conditions is critical for forecasting and simulating meteorological variables. Directly applying spatial interpolation methods to derive meteorological values at specific…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-06-19 Siwei Tu , Jingyi Xu , Weidong Yang , Lei Bai , Ben Fei
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