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Modern enterprise networks comprise diverse and heterogeneous systems that support a wide range of services, making it challenging for administrators to track and analyze sophisticated attacks such as advanced persistent threats (APTs),…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Seunghyeon Lee , Hyunmin Seo , Hwanjo Heo , Anduo Wang , Seungwon Shin , Jinwoo Kim

We present ANUBIS, a highly effective machine learning-based APT detection system. Our design philosophy for ANUBIS involves two principal components. Firstly, we intend ANUBIS to be effectively utilized by cyber-response teams. Therefore,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Md. Monowar Anjum , Shahrear Iqbal , Benoit Hamelin

Recent research in both academia and industry has validated the effectiveness of provenance graph-based detection for advanced cyber attack detection and investigation. However, analyzing large-scale provenance graphs often results in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Zhenyuan Li , Yangyang Wei , Xiangmin Shen , Lingzhi Wang , Yan Chen , Haitao Xu , Shouling Ji , Fan Zhang , Liang Hou , Wenmao Liu , Xuhong Zhang , Jianwei Ying

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) represent a sophisticated and persistent cy-bersecurity challenge, characterized by stealthy, multi-phase, and targeted attacks aimed at compromising information systems over an extended period.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Bassam Noori Shaker , Bahaa Al-Musawi , Mohammed Falih Hassan

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are powerful tools in representation learning for graphs. However, recent studies show that GNNs are vulnerable to carefully-crafted perturbations, called adversarial attacks. Adversarial attacks can easily fool…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Wei Jin , Yao Ma , Xiaorui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Suhang Wang , Jiliang Tang

In this paper, we present HOLMES, a system that implements a new approach to the detection of Advanced and Persistent Threats (APTs). HOLMES is inspired by several case studies of real-world APTs that highlight some common goals of APT…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Sadegh M. Milajerdi , Rigel Gjomemo , Birhanu Eshete , R. Sekar , V. N. Venkatakrishnan

The detection of advanced persistent threats (APTs) remains a crucial challenge due to their stealthy, multistage nature and the limited availability of realistic, labeled datasets for systematic evaluation. Synthetic dataset generation has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Saleem Ishaq Tijjani , Bogdan Ghita , Nathan Clarke , Matthew Craven

The rapid expansion of Internet use has increased system exposure to cyber threats, with advanced persistent threats (APTs) being especially challenging due to their stealth, prolonged duration, and multi-stage attacks targeting high-value…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Willie Kouam , Stefan Rass

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) pose a significant challenge in cybersecurity due to their stealthy and long-term nature. Modern supervised learning methods require extensive labeled data, which is often scarce in real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Sidahmed Benabderrahmane , James Cheney , Talal Rahwan

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are continuously evolving, leveraging their stealthiness and persistence to put increasing pressure on current provenance-based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). This evolution exposes several critical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Weiheng Wu , Wei Qiao , Wenhao Yan , Bo Jiang , Yuling Liu , Baoxu Liu , Zhigang Lu , JunRong Liu

Intrusion detection is an arms race; attackers evade intrusion detection systems by developing new attack vectors to sidestep known defense mechanisms. Provenance provides a detailed, structured history of the interactions of digital…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-05 Xueyuan Han , Thomas Pasquier , Margo Seltzer

The development of the DRL model for malware attribution involved extensive research, iterative coding, and numerous adjustments based on the insights gathered from predecessor models and contemporary research papers. This preparatory work…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Animesh Singh Basnet , Mohamed Chahine Ghanem , Dipo Dunsin , Wiktor Sowinski-Mydlarz

Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attackers apply multiple sophisticated methods to continuously and stealthily steal information from the targeted cloud storage systems and can even induce the storage system to apply a specific defense…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-01-22 Minghui Min , Liang Xiao , Caixia Xie , Mohammad Hajimirsadeghi , Narayan B. Mandayam

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) represent a significant challenge in cybersecurity due to their prolonged, multi-stage nature and the sophistication of their operators. Traditional detection systems typically focus on identifying…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Alessandro Gaudenzi , Lorenzo Nodari , Lance Kaplan , Alessandra Russo , Murat Sensoy , Federico Cerutti

The growing deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in smart cities and industrial environments increases vulnerability to stealthy, multi-stage advanced persistent threats (APTs) that exploit wireless communication. Detection is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Quhura Fathima , Neda Moghim , Mostafa Taghizade Firouzjaee , Christo K. Thomas , Ross Gore , Walid Saad

Advanced cyber threats (e.g., Fileless Malware and Advanced Persistent Threat (APT)) have driven the adoption of provenance-based security solutions. These solutions employ Machine Learning (ML) models for behavioral modeling and critical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Kunal Mukherjee , Joshua Wiedemeier , Tianhao Wang , Muhyun Kim , Feng Chen , Murat Kantarcioglu , Kangkook Jee

Despite its technological benefits, Internet of Things (IoT) has cyber weaknesses due to the vulnerabilities in the wireless medium. Machine learning (ML)-based methods are widely used against cyber threats in IoT networks with promising…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Zhiyan Chen , Jinxin Liu , Yu Shen , Murat Simsek , Burak Kantarci , Hussein T. Mouftah , Petar Djukic

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) present a considerable challenge to cybersecurity due to their stealthy, long-duration nature. Traditional supervised learning methods typically require large amounts of labeled data, which is often scarce…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Sidahmed Benabderrahmane , Talal Rahwan

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are prolonged, stealthy intrusions by skilled adversaries that compromise high-value systems to steal data or disrupt operations. Reconstructing complete attack chains from massive, heterogeneous logs is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Rujie Dai , Peizhuo Lv , Yujiang Gui , Qiujian Lv , Yuanyuan Qiao , Yan Wang , Degang Sun , Weiqing Huang , Yingjiu Li , XiaoFeng Wang

Intrinsic susceptibility of deep learning to adversarial examples has led to a plethora of attack techniques with a broad common objective of fooling deep models. However, we find slight compositional differences between the algorithms…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Rahul Ambati , Naveed Akhtar , Ajmal Mian , Yogesh Singh Rawat