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The rise of advanced persistent threats (APTs) has marked a significant cybersecurity challenge, characterized by sophisticated orchestration, stealthy execution, extended persistence, and targeting valuable assets across diverse sectors.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Yuntao Wang , Han Liu , Zhendong Li , Zhou Su , Jiliang Li

Advanced persistent threats (APTs) are stealthy and multi-stage, making single-point defenses (e.g., malware- or traffic-based detectors) ill-suited to capture long-range and cross-entity attack semantics. Provenance-graph analysis has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Mingqi Lv , Shanshan Zhang , Haiwen Liu , Tieming Chen , Tiantian Zhu

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are a main impendence in cyber security of computer networks. In 2015, a successful breach remains undetected 146 days on average, reported by [Fi16].With our work we demonstrate a feasible and fast way to…

Databases · Computer Science 2018-02-02 Timo Schindler

Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) is challenging to detect due to prolonged duration, infrequent occurrence, and adept concealment techniques. Existing approaches primarily concentrate on the observable traits of attack behaviors, neglecting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Xiaoxiao Liu , Fan Xu , Nan Wang , Qinxin Zhao , Dalin Zhang , Xibin Zhao , Jiqiang Liu

Software Defined Networking (SDN) has brought significant advancements in network management and programmability. However, this evolution has also heightened vulnerability to Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs), sophisticated and stealthy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Hedyeh Nazari , Abbas Yazdinejad , Ali Dehghantanha , Fattane Zarrinkalam , Gautam Srivastava

Cyber supply chain, encompassing digital asserts, software, hardware, has become an essential component of modern Information and Communications Technology (ICT) provisioning. However, the growing inter-dependencies have introduced numerous…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Zhuoran Tan , Christos Anagnostopoulos , Jeremy Singer

Advanced persistent threats (APTs) are sophisticated cyber attacks that can remain undetected for extended periods, making their mitigation particularly challenging. Given their persistence, significant effort is required to detect them and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Parth Atulbhai Gandhi , Prasanna N. Wudali , Yonatan Amaru , Yuval Elovici , Asaf Shabtai

APT (Advanced Persistent Threat) with the characteristics of persistence, stealth, and diversity is one of the greatest threats against cyber-infrastructure. As a countermeasure, existing studies leverage provenance graphs to capture the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Mingqi Lv , HongZhe Gao , Xuebo Qiu , Tieming Chen , Tiantian Zhu , Jinyin Chen , Shouling Ji

Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) have grown increasingly complex and concealed, posing formidable challenges to existing Intrusion Detection Systems in identifying and mitigating these attacks. Recent studies have incorporated graph…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Wenhan Jiang , Tingting Chai , Hongri Liu , Kai Wang , Hongke Zhang

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are difficult to detect due to their complexity and stealthiness. To mitigate such attacks, many approaches model entities and their relationship using provenance graphs to detect the stealthy and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Wenhao Yan , Ning An , Wei Qiao , Weiheng Wu , Bo Jiang , Zhigang Lu , Baoxu Liu , Junrong Liu

Provenance analysis based on system audit data has emerged as a fundamental approach for investigating Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attacks. Due to the high concealment and long-term persistence of APT attacks, they are only represented…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Qi Sheng

Advanced persistent threats (APT) are stealthy cyber-attacks that are aimed at stealing valuable information from target organizations and tend to extend in time. Blocking all APTs is impossible, security experts caution, hence the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Sidahmed Benabderrahmane , Ghita Berrada , James Cheney , Petko Valtchev

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) represent a significant challenge in cybersecurity due to their sophisticated and stealthy nature. Traditional Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) often fall short in detecting these multi-stage attacks.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Atmane Ayoub Mansour Bahar , Kamel Soaid Ferrahi , Mohamed-Lamine Messai , Hamida Seba , Karima Amrouche

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) pose a significant security risk to organizations and industries. These attacks often lead to severe data breaches and compromise the system for a long time. Mitigating these sophisticated attacks is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Ehsan Hallaji , Roozbeh Razavi-Far , Mehrdad Saif

Advanced persistent threats (APTs) pose significant challenges for organizations, leading to data breaches, financial losses, and reputational damage. Existing provenance-based approaches for APT detection often struggle with high false…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Yonatan Amaru , Prasanna Wudali , Yuval Elovici , Asaf Shabtai

Advance Persistent Threats (APTs), adopted by most delicate attackers, are becoming increasing common and pose great threat to various enterprises and institutions. Data provenance analysis on provenance graphs has emerged as a common…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Zian Jia , Yun Xiong , Yuhong Nan , Yao Zhang , Jinjing Zhao , Mi Wen

Provenance graphs are useful and powerful tools for representing system-level activities in cybersecurity; however, existing approaches often struggle with complex queries and flexible reasoning. This paper presents a novel approach using…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Fang Li , Fei Zuo , Gopal Gupta

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) remain difficult to detect due to their stealthy nature and long-term persistence. To tackle this challenge, provenance-based threat hunting has gained traction as a proactive defense mechanism. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Xuebo Qiu , Mingqi Lv , Yimei Zhang , Tiantian Zhu , Tieming Chen

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are among the most challenging cyberattacks to detect. They are carried out by highly skilled attackers who carefully study their targets and operate in a stealthy, long-term manner. Because APTs exhibit…

APT detection is difficult to detect due to the long-term latency, covert and slow multistage attack patterns of Advanced Persistent Threat (APT). To tackle these issues, we propose TBDetector, a transformer-based advanced persistent threat…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Nan Wang , Xuezhi Wen , Dalin Zhang , Xibin Zhao , Jiahui Ma , Mengxia Luo , Fan Xu , Sen Nie , Shi Wu , Jiqiang Liu
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