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Collecting diverse, high-quality manipulation data for Vision-Language-Action (VLA) model training remains prohibitively expensive for many research groups, as existing teleoperation frameworks rely on specialized hardware or are tightly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Om Mandhane , Bipin Yadav , Sangeetha Prasanna Ram , Gopalakrishnan Narayanan

Conversational agents show the promise to allow users to interact with mobile devices using language. However, to perform diverse UI tasks with natural language, developers typically need to create separate datasets and models for each…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Bryan Wang , Gang Li , Yang Li

Existing Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM)-based agents face significant challenges in handling complex GUI (Graphical User Interface) interactions on devices. These challenges arise from the dynamic and structured nature of GUI…

We propose V-Droid, a mobile GUI task automation agent. Unlike previous mobile agents that utilize Large Language Models (LLMs) as generators to directly generate actions at each step, V-Droid employs LLMs as verifiers to evaluate candidate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Gaole Dai , Shiqi Jiang , Ting Cao , Yuanchun Li , Yuqing Yang , Rui Tan , Mo Li , Lili Qiu

The current state of modern web interfaces, especially in regards to accessibility focused usage is extremely lacking. Traditional methods for web interaction, such as scripting languages and screen readers, often lack the flexibility to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Trisanth Srinivasan , Santosh Patapati

Recently years have witnessed a rapid development of large language models (LLMs). Despite the strong ability in many language-understanding tasks, the heavy computational burden largely restricts the application of LLMs especially when one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yuhui Xu , Lingxi Xie , Xiaotao Gu , Xin Chen , Heng Chang , Hengheng Zhang , Zhengsu Chen , Xiaopeng Zhang , Qi Tian

State-of-the-art multimodal web agents, powered by Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), can autonomously execute many web tasks by processing user instructions and interacting with graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Current strategies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Gaurav Verma , Rachneet Kaur , Nishan Srishankar , Zhen Zeng , Tucker Balch , Manuela Veloso

Mobile device operation tasks are increasingly becoming a popular multi-modal AI application scenario. Current Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), constrained by their training data, lack the capability to function effectively as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Junyang Wang , Haiyang Xu , Haitao Jia , Xi Zhang , Ming Yan , Weizhou Shen , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang , Jitao Sang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) exhibit remarkable common-sense and semantic reasoning capabilities. However, they lack a grounded understanding of physical dynamics. This limitation arises from training VLMs on static internet-scale…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Haowen Liu , Shaoxiong Yao , Haonan Chen , Jiawei Gao , Jiayuan Mao , Jia-Bin Huang , Yilun Du

VLM-based mobile agents are increasingly popular due to their capabilities to interact with smartphone GUIs and XML-structured texts and to complete daily tasks. However, existing online benchmarks struggle with obtaining stable reward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Weikai Xu , Zhizheng Jiang , Yuxuan Liu , Pengzhi Gao , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Yuanchun Li , Yunxin Liu , Bin Wang , Bo An

The emergence of agentic AI, powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), marks a paradigm shift from reactive generative systems to proactive, goal-oriented autonomous agents capable of sophisticated planning, memory, and tool use. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Yineng Yan , Xidong Wang , Jin Seng Cheng , Ran Hu , Wentao Guan , Nahid Farahmand , Hengte Lin , Yue Li

Inspired by the development of OpenClaw, there is a growing demand for mobile-based personal agents capable of handling complex and intuitive interactions. In this technical report, we introduce X-OmniClaw, a unified mobile agent designed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Xiaoming Ren , Ru Zhen , Chao Li , Yang Song , Qiuxia Hou , Yanhao Zhang , Peng Liu , Qi Qi , Quanlong Zheng , Qi Wu , Zhenyi Liao , Binqiang Pan , Haobo Ji , Haonan Lu

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a widely adopted control paradigm that leverages predictive models to estimate future system states and optimize control inputs accordingly. However, while MPC excels in planning and control, it lacks the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Jiaming Chen , Wentao Zhao , Ziyu Meng , Donghui Mao , Ran Song , Wei Pan , Wei Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) have demonstrated immense potential in autonomous driving (AD) by offering human-like reasoning and open-world generalization. However, the excessive computational overhead and high…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ruoyu Yao , Ruiguo Zhong , Pei Liu , Mingxing Peng , Rui Yang , Jun Ma

Precise access control decisions are crucial for the security of both traditional applications and emerging agent-based systems. Typically, these decisions are made by users during app installation or at runtime. However, due to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Friederike Groschupp , Daniele Lain , Aritra Dhar , Lara Magdalena Lazier , Srdjan Čapkun

Autonomous agents that control computer interfaces to accomplish human tasks are emerging. Leveraging LLMs to power such agents has been of special interest, but unless fine-tuned on human-collected task demonstrations, performance is still…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Wei Li , William Bishop , Alice Li , Chris Rawles , Folawiyo Campbell-Ajala , Divya Tyamagundlu , Oriana Riva

Utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs) for complex tasks is challenging, often involving a time-consuming and uncontrollable prompt engineering process. This paper introduces a novel human-LLM interaction framework, Low-code LLM. It…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yuzhe Cai , Shaoguang Mao , Wenshan Wu , Zehua Wang , Yaobo Liang , Tao Ge , Chenfei Wu , Wang You , Ting Song , Yan Xia , Jonathan Tien , Nan Duan , Furu Wei

Lightweight face recognition is increasingly important for deployment on edge and mobile devices, where strict constraints on latency, memory, and energy consumption must be met alongside reliable accuracy. Although recent hybrid…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Novendra Setyawan , Chi-Chia Sun , Mao-Hsiu Hsu , Wen-Kai Kuo , Jun-Wei Hsieh

Large Foundation Models (LFMs) have unlocked new possibilities in human-computer interaction, particularly with the rise of mobile Graphical User Interface (GUI) Agents capable of interacting with mobile GUIs. These agents allow users to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Jungjae Lee , Dongjae Lee , Chihun Choi , Youngmin Im , Jaeyoung Wi , Kihong Heo , Sangeun Oh , Sunjae Lee , Insik Shin

This paper presents MinionsLLM, a novel framework that integrates Large Language Models (LLMs) with Behavior Trees (BTs) and Formal Grammars to enable natural language control of multi-agent systems within arbitrary, user-defined…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Andres Garcia Rincon , Eliseo Ferrante
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