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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their transformative potential across numerous disciplinary studies, reshaping the existing research methodologies and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration. However, a systematic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Lu Xiang , Yang Zhao , Yaping Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in the field of artificial intelligence, showcasing their ability to interact with humans and influence human cognition through information dissemination. However, recent studies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Qingquan Zhang , Qiqi Duan , Bo Yuan , Yuhui Shi , Jialin Liu

The proliferation of open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) from various institutions has highlighted the urgent need for comprehensive evaluation methods. However, current evaluation platforms, such as the widely recognized HuggingFace…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Fanghua Ye , Mingming Yang , Jianhui Pang , Longyue Wang , Derek F. Wong , Emine Yilmaz , Shuming Shi , Zhaopeng Tu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLM) classification performance depends critically on evaluation protocol and ground truth quality. Studies comparing MLLMs with supervised and vision-language models report conflicting conclusions, and we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Nikita Kisel , Illia Volkov , Klara Janouskova , Jiri Matas

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in handling complex dialogue tasks without requiring use case-specific fine-tuning. However, analyzing live dialogues in real-time necessitates low-latency processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Xuanqing Liu , Luyang Kong , Wei Niu , Afshin Khashei , Belinda Zeng , Steve Johnson , Jon Jay , Davor Golac , Matt Pope

Benefiting from the strong reasoning capabilities, Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in recommender systems. Various efforts have been made to distill knowledge from LLMs to enhance collaborative models,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Xihong Yang , Heming Jing , Zixing Zhang , Jindong Wang , Huakang Niu , Shuaiqiang Wang , Yu Lu , Junfeng Wang , Dawei Yin , Xinwang Liu , En Zhu , Defu Lian , Erxue Min

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated the ability to solve complex tasks through In-Context Learning (ICL), where models learn from a few input-output pairs without explicit fine-tuning. In this paper, we explore the capacity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Paimon Goulart , Evangelos E. Papalexakis

A Large Language Model (LLM) tends to generate inconsistent and sometimes contradictory outputs when presented with a prompt that has equivalent semantics but is expressed differently from the original prompt. To achieve semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Jingyuan Yang , Dapeng Chen , Yajing Sun , Rongjun Li , Zhiyong Feng , Wei Peng

The alignment of large language models (LLMs) is critical for developing effective and safe language models. Traditional approaches focus on aligning models during the instruction tuning or reinforcement learning stages, referred to in this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Juhao Liang , Zhenyang Cai , Jianqing Zhu , Huang Huang , Kewei Zong , Bang An , Mosen Alharthi , Juncai He , Lian Zhang , Haizhou Li , Benyou Wang , Jinchao Xu

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown impressive performance on tasks involving reasoning, leading to a lively debate on whether these models possess reasoning capabilities similar to humans. However, despite these successes, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Philipp Mondorf , Barbara Plank

As artificial intelligence (AI) systems, particularly large language models (LLMs), become increasingly integrated into decision-making processes, the ability to trust their outputs is crucial. To earn human trust, LLMs must be well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Mark Steyvers , Heliodoro Tejeda , Aakriti Kumar , Catarina Belem , Sheer Karny , Xinyue Hu , Lukas Mayer , Padhraic Smyth

Low-rank approximation techniques have become the de facto standard for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) due to their reduced computational and memory requirements. This paper investigates the effectiveness of these methods in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Saswat Das , Marco Romanelli , Cuong Tran , Zarreen Reza , Bhavya Kailkhura , Ferdinando Fioretto

Mainstream approaches to aligning large language models (LLMs) heavily rely on human preference data, particularly when models require periodic updates. The standard process for iterative alignment of LLMs involves collecting new human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Chen Zhang , Chengguang Tang , Dading Chong , Ke Shi , Guohua Tang , Feng Jiang , Haizhou Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful candidates to inform clinical decision-making processes. While these models play an increasingly prominent role in shaping the digital landscape, two growing concerns emerge in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Raphael Poulain , Hamed Fayyaz , Rahmatollah Beheshti

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used in user-facing applications, from providing medical consultations to job interview advice. Recent research suggests that these models are becoming increasingly proficient at inferring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Matthew Kearney , Reuben Binns , Yarin Gal

Decision-making is a fundamental capability in everyday life. Large Language Models (LLMs) provide multifaceted support in enhancing human decision-making processes. However, understanding the influencing factors of LLM-assisted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Eva Eigner , Thorsten Händler

The advent of transformer-based architectures and large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the performance of natural language processing (NLP) models. Since these LLMs are trained on huge corpuses of data from the web and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Arkadeep Baksi , Rahul Singh , Tarun Joshi

Multilingual large language models (LLMs) possess impressive multilingual understanding and generation capabilities. However, their performance and cross-lingual alignment often lag for non-dominant languages. A common solution is to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Mengyu Bu , Shaolei Zhang , Zhongjun He , Hua Wu , Yang Feng

State-of-the-art supervised NLP models achieve high accuracy but are also susceptible to failures on inputs from low-data regimes, such as domains that are not represented in training data. As an approximation to collecting ground-truth…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Parikshit Bansal , Amit Sharma

Aligning large language models (LLMs) to diverse human preferences is fundamentally challenging since criteria can often conflict with each other. Inference-time alignment methods have recently gained popularity as they allow LLMs to be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-03 Shokichi Takakura , Akifumi Wachi , Rei Higuchi , Kohei Miyaguchi , Taiji Suzuki
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