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Differentially private (DP) language model inference is an approach for generating private synthetic text. A sensitive input example is used to prompt an off-the-shelf large language model (LLM) to produce a similar example. Multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Kareem Amin , Salman Avestimehr , Sara Babakniya , Alex Bie , Weiwei Kong , Natalia Ponomareva , Umar Syed

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) for specific tasks introduces privacy risks, as models may inadvertently memorise and leak sensitive training data. While Differential Privacy (DP) offers a solution to mitigate these risks, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Olivia Ma , Jonathan Passerat-Palmbach , Dmitrii Usynin

Secure multi-party computation-based machine learning, referred to as MPL, has become an important technology to utilize data from multiple parties with privacy preservation. While MPL provides rigorous security guarantees for the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Wenqiang Ruan , Mingxin Xu , Wenjing Fang , Li Wang , Lei Wang , Weili Han

Privacy in AI remains a topic that draws attention from researchers and the general public in recent years. As one way to implement privacy-preserving AI, differentially private learning is a framework that enables AI models to use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Tianyu Xia , Shuheng Shen , Su Yao , Xinyi Fu , Ke Xu , Xiaolong Xu , Xing Fu

Despite advances in the use of large language models (LLMs) in downstream tasks, their ability to memorize information has raised privacy concerns. Therefore, protecting personally identifiable information (PII) during LLM training remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Stella Etuk , Ashraf Matrawy

Differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) enables private deep learning through per-example clipping and calibrated Gaussian noise, but its high-variance updates can reduce utility on challenging datasets. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Mohammad Partohaghighi , Roummel Marcia

The application of differential privacy to the training of deep neural networks holds the promise of allowing large-scale (decentralized) use of sensitive data while providing rigorous privacy guarantees to the individual. The predominant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Moritz Knolle , Dmitrii Usynin , Alexander Ziller , Marcus R. Makowski , Daniel Rueckert , Georgios Kaissis

Machine learning (ML) models trained by differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) have much lower utility than the non-private ones. To mitigate this degradation, we propose a DP Laplacian smoothing SGD (DP-LSSGD) to train…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Bao Wang , Quanquan Gu , March Boedihardjo , Farzin Barekat , Stanley J. Osher

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in sensitive domains, where their ability to infer personal data from seemingly benign text introduces emerging privacy risks. While recent LLM-based anonymization methods help mitigate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Kyuyoung Kim , Hyunjun Jeon , Jinwoo Shin

A major challenge in applying differential privacy to training deep neural network models is scalability.The widely-used training algorithm, differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD), struggles with training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Kamil Adamczewski , Mijung Park

Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) forms a fundamental building block in many applications for learning over sensitive data. Two standard approaches, privacy amplification by subsampling, and privacy amplification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-31 Borja Balle , Peter Kairouz , H. Brendan McMahan , Om Thakkar , Abhradeep Thakurta

When training a machine learning model with differential privacy, one sets a privacy budget. This budget represents a maximal privacy violation that any user is willing to face by contributing their data to the training set. We argue that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Franziska Boenisch , Christopher Mühl , Adam Dziedzic , Roy Rinberg , Nicolas Papernot

Prior work on differential privacy analysis of randomized SGD algorithms relies on composition theorems, where the implicit (unrealistic) assumption is that the internal state of the iterative algorithm is revealed to the adversary. As a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-18 Jiayuan Ye , Reza Shokri

Large language models (LLMs) are trained on vast datasets that may contain sensitive information. Differential privacy (DP), the de facto standard for formal privacy guarantees, provides a principled framework for training LLMs with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Enayat Ullah , Sai Aparna Aketi , Devansh Gupta , Huanyu Zhang , Meisam Razaviyayn

Broad adoption of machine learning techniques has increased privacy concerns for models trained on sensitive data such as medical records. Existing techniques for training differentially private (DP) models give rigorous privacy guarantees,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-04 Zhengli Zhao , Nicolas Papernot , Sameer Singh , Neoklis Polyzotis , Augustus Odena

Differentially private (DP) synthetic data generation plays a pivotal role in developing large language models (LLMs) on private data, where data owners cannot provide eyes-on access to individual examples. Generating DP synthetic data…

Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) is a key method for applying privacy in the training of deep learning models. It applies isotropic Gaussian noise to gradients during training, which can perturb these gradients in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Pedro Faustini , Natasha Fernandes , Shakila Tonni , Annabelle McIver , Mark Dras

Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) limits the amount of private information deep learning models can memorize during training. This is achieved by clipping and adding noise to the model's gradients, and thus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Florian A. Hölzl , Daniel Rueckert , Georgios Kaissis

Differential privacy (DP) is one data protection avenue to safeguard user information used for training deep models by imposing noisy distortion on privacy data. Such a noise perturbation often results in a severe performance degradation in…

As deep learning-based, data-driven information extraction systems become increasingly integrated into modern document processing workflows, one primary concern is the risk of malicious leakage of sensitive private data from these systems.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Saifullah Saifullah , Stefan Agne , Andreas Dengel , Sheraz Ahmed
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