Related papers: Code-Driven Law NO, Normware SI!
Encouraged by significant advances in algorithms and tools for verification and analysis, high level modeling and programming techniques, natural language programming, etc., we feel it is time for a major change in the way complex software…
This paper looks at a common law legal system as a learning algorithm, models specific features of legal proceedings, and asks whether this system learns efficiently. A particular feature of our model is explicitly viewing various aspects…
Legal autonomy - the lawful activity of artificial intelligence agents - can be achieved in one of two ways. It can be achieved either by imposing constraints on AI actors such as developers, deployers and users, and on AI resources such as…
Organizations developing machine learning-based (ML) technologies face the complex challenge of achieving high predictive performance while respecting the law. This intersection between ML and the law creates new complexities. As ML model…
Although deceptive design patterns are subject to growing regulatory oversight, enforcement races to keep up with the scale of the problem. One promising solution is automated detection tools, many of which are developed within academia. We…
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in structured reasoning and symbolic tasks, with coding emerging as a particularly successful application. This progress has naturally motivated efforts to extend these…
Research and development in computer technology and computational methods have resulted in a wide variety of valuable tools for Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) and Industrial Engineering. However, despite the exponential increase in…
Algorithms learned from data are increasingly used for deciding many aspects in our life: from movies we see, to prices we pay, or medicine we get. Yet there is growing evidence that decision making by inappropriately trained algorithms may…
Information and communications technology can continue to change our world. These advances will partially depend upon designs that synergistically combine software with specialized hardware. Today open-source software incubates rapid…
The paper discusses legal aspects relevant to the development of research software and practical approaches taken by research software engineers to deal with them. Intellectual Property Rights on software are considered alongside licensing…
Due to the multidisciplinary nature of wearable technology, the industry faces potential limitations in innovation. The wearable technology industry is still in its infancy and increased applicable use faces stagnation despite the plethora…
Contracts are an essential and fundamental component of commerce and society, serving to clarify agreement between multiple parties. While digital technologies have helped to automate many activities associated with contracting, the…
In this short paper we focus on human in the loop for rule-based software used for law enforcement. For example, one can think of software that computes fines like tachograph software, software that prepares evidence like DNA sequencing…
This paper presents a computational account of how legal norms can influence the behavior of artificial intelligence (AI) agents, grounded in the active inference framework (AIF) that is informed by principles of economic legal analysis…
The field of AI is undergoing a fundamental transition from generative models that can produce synthetic content to artificial agents that can plan and execute complex tasks with only limited human involvement. Companies that pioneered the…
This two part paper argues that seemingly "technical" choices made by developers of machine-learning based algorithmic tools used to inform decisions by criminal justice authorities can create serious constitutional dangers, enhancing the…
While past information technology (IT) advances have transformed society, future advances hold even greater promise. For example, we have only just begun to reap the changes from artificial intelligence (AI), especially machine learning…
Modern software has been an integral part of everyday activities in many disciplines and application contexts. Introducing intelligent automation by leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) led to break-throughs in many fields. The…
In this paper we examine algorithmic fairness from the perspective of law aiming to identify best practices and strategies for the specification and adoption of fairness definitions and algorithms in real-world systems and use cases. We…
The need to explain the output from Machine Learning systems designed to predict the outcomes of legal cases has led to a renewed interest in the explanations offered by traditional AI and Law systems, especially those using factor based…