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Differential phase contrast (DPC) imaging in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) maps projected electric fields through the phase sensitivity of segmented low-angle detectors. Although typically applied to atomic-resolution…

Properties of crystalline materials are closely linked to microstructure arising from the spatial arrangement, orientation, and phase of nanocrystals. Rapid characterization of crystalline microstructure can accelerate the identification of…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-02-16 Kwanghwi Je , Ellis R. Kennedy , Sungin Kim , Yao Yang , Erik H. Thiede

Increasing interest in three-dimensional nanostructures adds impetus to electron microscopy techniques capable of imaging at or below the nanoscale in three dimensions. We present a reconstruction algorithm that takes as input a focal…

Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopes (STEM) provide sub-angstrom lateral resolution; however, the large convergence angle greatly reduces the depth of field. For microscopes with a small depth of field,…

Materials Science · Physics 2011-12-15 Robert Hovden , Huolin L. Xin , David A. Muller

Addressing the need for efficient and integrated multiscale crystallographic and defect analyses of advanced materials, this paper presents the implementation of a new multi-configuration detection system, integrating a single…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-05-19 Nohayla El-Khairaoui , Julien Guyon , Nathalie Gey , Luc Morhain , Nabila Maloufi

Compact direct electron detectors are becoming increasingly popular in electron microscopy applications including electron backscatter diffraction, as they offer an opportunity for low cost and accessible microstructural analysis. In this…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-17 Tianbi Zhang , Ruth Birch , Graeme Francolini , Ebru Karakurt Uluscu , Ben Britton

The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is probably one the most fascinating examination approach that has been used since more than two decades to detailed inspection of micro scale objects. Most of the scanning electron microscopes could…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-02-18 Wichai Shanklin

We present annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ADF-STEM) as an efficient, fast, and non-destructive nanoscale tool for monitoring solid-state phase transition. Using metal-insulator transition in vanadium dioxide…

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is an extremely versatile method for studying materials on the atomic scale. Many STEM experiments are supported or validated with electron scattering simulations. However, using the…

Nanotechnology research requires the routine use of characterization methods with high spatial resolution. These experiments are rather costly, not only from the point of view of the expensive microscopes, but also considering the need of a…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-10-12 M. J. Lagos , P. C. da Silva , D. Ugarte

Electron tomography offers important three-dimensional (3D) structural information which cannot be observed by two-dimensional imaging. By combining annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ADF-STEM) with aberration…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-06-29 Juhyeok Lee , Moosung Lee , YongKeun Park , Colin Ophus , Yongsoo Yang

Four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) provides rich, atomic-scale insights into materials structures. However, extracting specific physical properties - such as polarization directions essential for…

Although in-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of nanomaterials has been gaining importance in recent years, difficulties in sample preparation have limited the number of studies on electrical properties. Here, a support-based…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-03-14 Simon Hettler , Mohammad Furqan , Raul Arenal

Directed atomic fabrication using an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) opens new pathways for atomic engineering of functional materials. In this approach, the electron beam is used to actively alter the…

Focused ion beams (FIBs) are widely used in nanofabrication for applications such as circuit repair, ultra-thin lamella preparation, strain engineering, and quantum device prototyping. Although the lateral spread of the ion beam is often…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-11-04 M. G. Masteghin , Z. P. Aslam , A. P. Brown , M. J. Whiting , S. K. Clowes , R. P. Webb , D. C. Cox

Automated experimentation with real time data analysis in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) often require end-to-end framework. The four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) with high-throughput…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mingyu Liu , Zian Mao , Zhu Liu , Haoran Zhang , Jintao Guo , Xiaoya He , Xi Huang , Shufen Chu , Chun Cheng , Jun Ding , Yujun Xie

Perhaps surprisingly, the total electron microscopy (EM) data collected to date is less than a cubic millimeter. Consequently, there is an enormous demand in the materials and biological sciences to image at greater speed and lower dosage,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-12-06 Suhas Sreehari , S. V. Venkatakrishnan , Katherine L. Bouman , Jeffrey P. Simmons , Lawrence F. Drummy , Charles A. Bouman

The use of differential phase contrast (DPC) in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has shown much promise for directly investigating the functional properties of a material system, leveraging the natural coupling between the…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-04 Rafael V. Ferreira , Sebastian Calderon V. , Paulo J. Ferreira

Single-beam scanning electron microscopes (SEM) are widely used to acquire massive data sets for biomedical study, material analysis, and fabrication inspection. Datasets are typically acquired with uniform acquisition: applying the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-11 Lu Mi , Hao Wang , Yaron Meirovitch , Richard Schalek , Srinivas C. Turaga , Jeff W. Lichtman , Aravinthan D. T. Samuel , Nir Shavit

We demonstrate a multi-beam scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) imaging that integrates down-sampling with super-resolution image reconstruction via a compressive sensing framework. A custom condenser aperture with six randomly…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-03-19 Akira Yasuhara , Takumi Sannomiya , Ryoichi Horisaki