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Ribonucleic acid (RNA) binds to molecules to achieve specific biological functions. While generative models are advancing biomolecule design, existing methods for designing RNA that target specific ligands face limitations in capturing…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-14 Runze Ma , Zhongyue Zhang , Zichen Wang , Chenqing Hua , Jiahua Rao , Zhuomin Zhou , Shuangjia Zheng

Equivariant graph neural network (GNN) methods for antibody complementarity-determining region (CDR) design achieve the highest sequence recovery but suffer from severe vocabulary collapse. The current best GNN methods over-predict very few…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Mansoor Ahmed , Sujin Lee , Umar Khayaz , Murray Patterson

Achieving high-fidelity and temporally smooth 3D human motion generation remains a challenge, particularly within resource-constrained environments. We introduce FlowMotion, a novel method leveraging Conditional Flow Matching (CFM).…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Manolo Canales Cuba , Vinícius do Carmo Melício , João Paulo Gois

AlphaFold 3 represents a transformative advancement in computational biology, enhancing protein structure prediction through novel multi-scale transformer architectures, biologically informed cross-attention mechanisms, and geometry-aware…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-27 Alireza Abbaszadeh , Armita Shahlaee

Constructing of molecular structural models from Cryo-Electron Microscopy (Cryo-EM) density volumes is the critical last step of structure determination by Cryo-EM technologies. Methods have evolved from manual construction by structural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-13 Kui Xu , Zhe Wang , Jiangping Shi , Hongsheng Li , Qiangfeng Cliff Zhang

Recent advances in generative modeling show that pretrained representations can improve generation as conditioning features or alignment targets. Motivated by this, we study protein representations for predicting structures beyond…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-27 Taewon Kim , Hyosoon Jang , Hyunjin Seo , Seonghwan Seo , Hyeongwoo Kim , Wonho Zhung , Mingyeong Shin , Wooyoun Kim , Sungsoo Ahn

Antibiotic Resistance (AR) is a critical global health challenge that necessitates the development of cost-effective, efficient, and accurate diagnostic tools. Given the genetic basis of AR, techniques such as Polymerase Chain Reaction…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-24 David Hagerman , Anna Johnning , Roman Naeem , Fredrik Kahl , Erik Kristiansson , Lennart Svensson

Diffusion and flow-based generative models have shown strong potential for image restoration. However, image denoising under unknown and varying noise conditions remains challenging, because the learned vector fields may become inconsistent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Jigang Duan , Genwei Ma , Xu Jiang , Wenfeng Xu , Ping Yang , Xing Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced protein representation learning. However, their capacity to interpret and design antibodies through natural language remains limited. To address this challenge, we present…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-21 Ling Luo , Wenbin Jiang , Hongyuan Chang , Xinkang Wang , Xushi Zhang , Yueting Xiong , Mengsha Tong , Rongshan Yu

Discrete diffusion and flow matching models capture complex, non-additive and non-autoregressive structure in high-dimensional objective landscapes through parallel, iterative refinement. However, their implicit generative nature precludes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yashvir S. Grewal , Daniel M. Steinberg , Thang D. Bui , Cheng Soon Ong , Edwin V. Bonilla

Accurate prediction of protein-ligand binding affinities is an essential challenge in structure-based drug design. Despite recent advances in data-driven methods for affinity prediction, their accuracy is still limited, partially because…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-04 Yaosen Min , Ye Wei , Peizhuo Wang , Xiaoting Wang , Han Li , Nian Wu , Stefan Bauer , Shuxin Zheng , Yu Shi , Yingheng Wang , Ji Wu , Dan Zhao , Jianyang Zeng

Integrative biomolecular modeling of RNA relies on structural refined collections and accurate experimental data that reflect binding and folding behavior. However, the prediction of such collections remains challenging due to the rugged…

Discovering heterogeneous catalysts tailored for specific reaction intermediates remains a fundamental bottleneck in materials science. While traditional trial-and-error methods and recent generative models have shown promise, they struggle…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-19 Minkyu Kim , Nayoung Kim , Honghui Kim , Sungsoo Ahn

Despite significant progress in static protein structure collection and prediction, the dynamic behavior of proteins, one of their most vital characteristics, has been largely overlooked in prior research. This oversight can be attributed…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-19 Ce Liu , Jun Wang , Zhiqiang Cai , Yingxu Wang , Huizhen Kuang , Kaihui Cheng , Liwei Zhang , Qingkun Su , Yining Tang , Fenglei Cao , Limei Han , Siyu Zhu , Yuan Qi

Fragment-based drug design is a promising strategy leveraging the binding of small chemical moieties that can efficiently guide drug discovery. The initial step of fragment identification remains challenging, as fragments often bind weakly…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-17 Rebecca Manuela Neeser , Ilia Igashov , Arne Schneuing , Michael Bronstein , Philippe Schwaller , Bruno Correia

Antibody therapeutics are among the most successful modern medicines, yet computationally designing antibodies with desirable binding and developability properties remains challenging. While protein language models (pLMs) have emerged as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Justin Sanders , Luca Giancardo , Lan Guo , Yue Zhao , Kemal Sonmez , Nina Cheng , Melih Yilmaz

Structure based ligand discovery is one of the most successful approaches for augmenting the drug discovery process. Currently, there is a notable shift towards machine learning (ML) methodologies to aid such procedures. Deep learning has…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-12 Marta M. Stepniewska-Dziubinska , Piotr Zielenkiewicz , Pawel Siedlecki

Protein structure prediction and folding are fundamental to understanding biology, with recent deep learning advances reshaping the field. Diffusion-based generative models have revolutionized protein design, enabling the creation of novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yogesh Verma , Markus Heinonen , Vikas Garg

Mass spectrometry (MS) stands as a cornerstone analytical technique for molecular identification, yet de novo structure elucidation from spectra remains challenging due to the combinatorial complexity of chemical space and the inherent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Jianan Nie , Peng Gao

Deep generative models have shown promise for modeling metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), but existing approaches (1) rely on coarse-grained representations that assume fixed bond lengths and angles, and (2) neglect the MOF-adsorbate…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-02-10 Nayoung Kim , Honghui Kim , Sihyun Yu , Minkyu Kim , Seongsu Kim , Sungsoo Ahn