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Molecular docking (MD) is a crucial task in drug design, which predicts the position, orientation, and conformation of the ligand when bound to a target protein. It can be interpreted as a combinatorial optimization problem, where quantum…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-04-15 Yunting Li , Xiaopeng Cui , Zhaoping Xiong , Bowen Liu , Bi-Ying Wang , Runqiu Shu , Nan Qiao , Man-Hong Yung

Docking is a crucial component in drug discovery aimed at predicting the binding conformation and affinity between small molecules and target proteins. ML-based docking has recently emerged as a prominent approach, outpacing traditional…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-06-11 Thomas Le Menestrel , Manuel Rivas

Protein-ligand binding affinity is critical in drug discovery, but experimentally determining it is time-consuming and expensive. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been used to predict binding affinity, significantly accelerating this…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Seon-Geun Jeong , Kyeong-Hwan Moon , Won-Joo Hwang

Virtual screening, including molecular docking, plays an essential role in drug discovery. Many traditional and machine-learning based methods are available to fulfil the docking task. The traditional docking methods are normally…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-03-20 YuPeng Huang , Hong Zhang , Siyuan Jiang , Dajiong Yue , Xiaohan Lin , Jun Zhang , Yi Qin Gao

Protein-ligand binding complexes are ubiquitous and essential to life. Protein-ligand binding affinity prediction (PLA) quantifies the binding strength between ligands and proteins, providing crucial insights for discovering and designing…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Krinos Li , Xianglu Xiao , Zijun Zhong , Guang Yang

Is it feasible to create an analysis paradigm that can analyze and then accurately and quickly predict known drugs from experimental data? PharML.Bind is a machine learning toolkit which is able to accomplish this feat. Utilizing deep…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2019-11-15 Aaron D. Vose , Jacob Balma , Damon Farnsworth , Kaylie Anderson , Yuri K. Peterson

Current generative models for drug discovery primarily use molecular docking to evaluate the quality of generated compounds. However, such models are often not useful in practice because even compounds with high docking scores do not…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-19 Peter Eckmann , Dongxia Wu , Germano Heinzelmann , Michael K Gilson , Rose Yu

Molecular docking plays a crucial role in predicting the binding mode of ligands to target proteins, and covalent interactions, which involve the formation of a covalent bond between the ligand and the target, are particularly valuable due…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-27 Yangzhe Peng , Kaiyuan Gao , Liang He , Yuheng Cong , Haiguang Liu , Kun He , Lijun Wu

Molecular docking is an essential step in the drug discovery process involving the detection of three-dimensional poses of a ligand inside the active site of the protein. In this paper, we address the Molecular Docking search phase by…

Prediction of protein-ligand binding affinity is a major goal in drug discovery. Generally, free energy gap is calculated between two states (e.g., ligand binding and unbinding). The energy gap implicitly includes the effects of changes in…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-20 Ikki Yasuda , Katsuhiro Endo , Eiji Yamamoto , Yoshinori Hirano , Kenji Yasuoka

The diffusion learning method, DiffDock, for docking small-molecule ligands into protein binding sites was recently introduced. Results included comparisons to more conventional docking approaches, with DiffDock showing superior…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Ajay N. Jain , Ann E. Cleves , W. Patrick Walters

Deep learning promises to dramatically improve scoring functions for molecular docking, leading to substantial advances in binding pose prediction and virtual screening. To train scoring functions-and to perform molecular docking-one must…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-04 Patricia Suriana , Ron O. Dror

Accurate prediction of protein-ligand interactions is essential for computer-aided drug discovery. However, existing methods often fail to capture solvent-dependent conformational changes and lack the ability to jointly learn multiple…

The generation of small molecule candidate (ligand) binding poses in its target protein pocket is important for computer-aided drug discovery. Typical rigid-body docking methods ignore the pocket flexibility of protein, while the more…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Jonathan P. Mailoa , Zhaofeng Ye , Jiezhong Qiu , Chang-Yu Hsieh , Shengyu Zhang

In recent years machine learning (ML) took bio- and cheminformatics fields by storm, providing new solutions for a vast repertoire of problems related to protein sequence, structure, and interactions analysis. ML techniques, deep neural…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2020-03-31 Marta M. Stepniewska-Dziubinska , Piotr Zielenkiewicz , Pawel Siedlecki

The viability of a new drug molecule is a time and resource intensive task that makes computer-aided assessments a vital approach to rapid drug discovery. Here we develop a machine learning algorithm, iMiner, that generates novel inhibitor…

Virtual screening of large compound libraries to identify potential hit candidates is one of the earliest steps in drug discovery. As the size of commercially available compound collections grows exponentially to the scale of billions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Zhonglin Cao , Simone Sciabola , Ye Wang

Molecular docking is a key computational tool utilized to predict the binding conformations of small molecules to protein targets, which is fundamental in the design of novel drugs. Despite recent advancements in geometric deep…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-01 Jiaxian Yan , Zaixi Zhang , Kai Zhang , Qi Liu

Predicting protein-ligand binding affinity remains intractable for multi-domain proteins, where inter-domain dynamics govern molecular recognition. Existing geometric deep learning methods typically treat proteins as monolithic static…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Shuo Zhang , Rongqi Hong , Huifeng Zhang , Jian K. Liu

Accurate prediction of protein-ligand binding affinities is an essential challenge in structure-based drug design. Despite recent advances in data-driven methods for affinity prediction, their accuracy is still limited, partially because…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-04 Yaosen Min , Ye Wei , Peizhuo Wang , Xiaoting Wang , Han Li , Nian Wu , Stefan Bauer , Shuxin Zheng , Yu Shi , Yingheng Wang , Ji Wu , Dan Zhao , Jianyang Zeng