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The emergence of Agentic Artificial Intelligence (AAI) systems capable of independently initiating digital interactions necessitates a new optimisation paradigm designed explicitly for seamless agent-platform interactions. This article…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Luciano Floridi , Carlotta Buttaboni , Nicolas Gertler , Emmie Hine , Jessica Morley , Claudio Novelli , Tyler Schroder

Online marketplaces will be transformed by autonomous AI agents acting on behalf of consumers. Rather than humans browsing and clicking, AI agents can parse webpages or leverage APIs to view, evaluate and choose products. We investigate the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Amine Allouah , Omar Besbes , Josué D Figueroa , Yash Kanoria , Akshit Kumar

There is growing imprecision about what "AI agents" are, what they can do, and how effectively they can be used by their intended users. We pose two key research questions: (i) How does the tech industry conceive and market "AI agents"?…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Pradyumna Shome , Sashreek Krishnan , Sauvik Das

An Artificial Intelligence (AI) agent is a software entity that autonomously performs tasks or makes decisions based on pre-defined objectives and data inputs. AI agents, capable of perceiving user inputs, reasoning and planning tasks, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Zehang Deng , Yongjian Guo , Changzhou Han , Wanlun Ma , Junwu Xiong , Sheng Wen , Yang Xiang

In this paper we review studies of the growth of the Internet and technologies that are useful for information search and retrieval on the Web. Search engines are retrieve the efficient information. We collected data on the Internet from…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2013-10-18 Avinash N Bhute , B. B. Meshram

Recent studies reveal gaps in delegating critical tasks to agentic AI that accesses websites on the user's behalf, primarily due to limited access control mechanisms on websites designed for agentic AI. In response, we propose a design of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Sunyoung Kim , Hokeun Kim

Language model agents are poised to mediate how people navigate and act online. If the companies that already dominate internet search, communication, and commerce -- or the firms trying to unseat them -- control these agents, the resulting…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Sayash Kapoor , Noam Kolt , Seth Lazar

Modern human labor is characterized by specialization; we train for years and develop particular tools that allow us to perform well across a variety of tasks. In addition, AI agents have been specialized for domains such as software…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Aditya Bharat Soni , Boxuan Li , Xingyao Wang , Valerie Chen , Graham Neubig

The field of AI is undergoing a fundamental transition from generative models that can produce synthetic content to artificial agents that can plan and execute complex tasks with only limited human involvement. Companies that pioneered the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Noam Kolt

AI systems have long been expected to interact with users, answering questions, generating content, and continuing (social) conversations. Agentic AI, however, breaks from this expectation, as its primary objective is workflow execution on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Eunchae Jang , S. Shyam Sundar

This paper presents a systematic evaluation of the privacy behaviors and attributes of eight recent, popular browser agents. Browser agents are software that automate Web browsing using large language models and ancillary tooling. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Alisha Ukani , Hamed Haddadi , Ali Shahin Shamsabadi , Peter Snyder

We present Agent S, an open agentic framework that enables autonomous interaction with computers through a Graphical User Interface (GUI), aimed at transforming human-computer interaction by automating complex, multi-step tasks. Agent S…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Saaket Agashe , Jiuzhou Han , Shuyu Gan , Jiachen Yang , Ang Li , Xin Eric Wang

Imagine a world where AI can handle your work while you sleep - organizing your research materials, drafting a report, or creating a presentation you need for tomorrow. However, while current digital agents can perform simple tasks, they…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Yanheng He , Jiahe Jin , Shijie Xia , Jiadi Su , Runze Fan , Haoyang Zou , Xiangkun Hu , Pengfei Liu

Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), which encapsulate the implementation of specific functions as interfaces, greatly improve the efficiency of modern software development. As numbers of APIs spring up nowadays, developers can hardly…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Yun Peng , Shuqing Li , Wenwei Gu , Yichen Li , Wenxuan Wang , Cuiyun Gao , Michael Lyu

With the advancement of web techniques, they have significantly revolutionized various aspects of people's lives. Despite the importance of the web, many tasks performed on it are repetitive and time-consuming, negatively impacting overall…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Liangbo Ning , Ziran Liang , Zhuohang Jiang , Haohao Qu , Yujuan Ding , Wenqi Fan , Xiao-yong Wei , Shanru Lin , Hui Liu , Philip S. Yu , Qing Li

With the rapid proliferation of large language models and vision-language models, AI agents have evolved from isolated, task-specific systems into autonomous, interactive entities capable of perceiving, reasoning, and acting without human…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Yuntao Wang , Shaolong Guo , Yanghe Pan , Zhou Su , Fahao Chen , Tom H. Luan , Peng Li , Jiawen Kang , Dusit Niyato

AI agents -- powered by reasoning-capable large language models (LLMs) and integrated with tools, data, and web search -- are poised to transform the internet into a \emph{Web of Agents}: a machine-native ecosystem where autonomous agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Rajesh Tembarai Krishnamachari , Srividya Rajesh

To survive and thrive in complex environments, humans have evolved sophisticated self-improvement mechanisms through environment exploration, hierarchical abstraction of experiences into reuseable skills, and collaborative construction of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Boyuan Zheng , Michael Y. Fatemi , Xiaolong Jin , Zora Zhiruo Wang , Apurva Gandhi , Yueqi Song , Yu Gu , Jayanth Srinivasa , Gaowen Liu , Graham Neubig , Yu Su

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), widely regarded as the fundamental goal of artificial intelligence, represents the realization of cognitive capabilities that enable the handling of general tasks with human-like proficiency.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Bo Yu , Jiangning Wei , Minzhen Hu , Zejie Han , Tianjian Zou , Ye He , Jun Liu

Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents have rapidly evolved from specialized, rule-based programs to versatile, learning-driven autonomous systems capable of perception, reasoning, and action in complex environments. The explosion of data,…