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Conceptual product design requires designers to explore the design space of visual and functional concepts simultaneously. Sketching has long been adopted to empower concept exploration. However, current sketch-based design tools mostly…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Runlin Duan , Chenfei Zhu , Yuzhao Chen , Dizhi Ma , Jingyu Shi , Ziyi Liu , Karthik Ramani

The generative capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly expanding from static code to dynamic, interactive visual artifacts. This progress is bottlenecked by a critical evaluation gap: established benchmarks focus on…

Recent research looks to harness the general knowledge and reasoning of large language models (LLMs) into agents that accomplish user-specified goals in interactive environments. Vision-language models (VLMs) extend LLMs to multi-modal data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Jake Grigsby , Yuke Zhu , Michael Ryoo , Juan Carlos Niebles

Advances in vision language models (VLMs) have enabled the simulation of general human behavior through their reasoning and problem solving capabilities. However, prior research has not investigated such simulation capabilities in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Rosiana Natalie , Wenqian Xu , Ruei-Che Chang , Rada Mihalcea , Anhong Guo

Research shows that dialogue, the interactive process through which participants articulate their thinking, plays a central role in constructing shared understanding, coordinating action, and shaping learning outcomes in teams. Analysing…

Text-to-image generative models are a new and powerful way to generate visual artwork. However, the open-ended nature of text as interaction is double-edged; while users can input anything and have access to an infinite range of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Vivian Liu , Lydia B. Chilton

Machine learning practitioners often end up tunneling on low-level technical details like model architectures and performance metrics. Could early model development instead focus on high-level questions of which factors a model ought to pay…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Michelle S. Lam , Zixian Ma , Anne Li , Izequiel Freitas , Dakuo Wang , James A. Landay , Michael S. Bernstein

3D Gaussian representations have emerged as a powerful paradigm for digital head modeling, achieving photorealistic quality with real-time rendering. However, intuitive and interactive creation or editing of 3D Gaussian head models remains…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Bo Li , Jiahao Kang , Yubo Ma , Feng-Lin Liu , Bin Liu , Fang-Lue Zhang , Lin Gao

For a full-stack web or app development, it requires a software firm or more specifically a team of experienced developers to contribute a large portion of their time and resources to design the website and then convert it to code. As a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Somoy Subandhu Barua , Imam Mohammad Zulkarnain , Abhishek Roy , Md. Golam Rabiul Alam , Md Zia Uddin

Interactive facial image manipulation attempts to edit single and multiple face attributes using a photo-realistic face and/or semantic mask as input. In the absence of the photo-realistic image (only sketch/mask available), previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Yan Yang , Md Zakir Hossain , Tom Gedeon , Shafin Rahman

We present a Collaborative Agent-Based Framework for Multi-Image Reasoning. Our approach tackles the challenge of interleaved multimodal reasoning across diverse datasets and task formats by employing a dual-agent system: a language-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Angelos Vlachos , Giorgos Filandrianos , Maria Lymperaiou , Nikolaos Spanos , Ilias Mitsouras , Vasileios Karampinis , Athanasios Voulodimos

Converting process sketches into executable simulation models remains a major bottleneck in process systems engineering, requiring substantial manual effort and simulator-specific expertise. Recent advances in generative AI have improved…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Abdullah Bahamdan , Emma Pajak , John D. Hedengren , Antonio del Rio Chanona

Recent advancements in Vision Language Models (VLMs) have expanded their capabilities to interactive agent tasks, yet existing benchmarks remain limited to single-agent or text-only environments. In contrast, real-world scenarios often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Zelai Xu , Zhexuan Xu , Xiangmin Yi , Huining Yuan , Mo Guang , Kaiwen Long , Xinlei Chen , Yi Wu , Chao Yu , Yu Wang

Coding agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have gained traction for automating code generation through iterative problem-solving with minimal human involvement. Despite the emergence of various frameworks, e.g., LangChain,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Junpeng Wang , Yuzhong Chen , Menghai Pan , Chin-Chia Michael Yeh , Mahashweta Das

Scene graphs offer a structured, hierarchical representation of images, with nodes and edges symbolizing objects and the relationships among them. It can serve as a natural interface for image editing, dramatically improving precision and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Zhiyuan Zhang , DongDong Chen , Jing Liao

Facade renovation offers a more sustainable alternative to full demolition, yet producing design proposals that preserve existing structures while expressing new intent remains challenging. Current workflows typically require detailed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Warissara Booranamaitree , Xusheng Du , Yushu Cai , Zhengyang Wang , Ye Zhang , Haoran Xie

Visual agent models for automating human activities on Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) have emerged as a promising research direction, driven by advances in large Vision Language Models (VLMs). A critical challenge in GUI automation is the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Joonhyung Park , Peng Tang , Sagnik Das , Srikar Appalaraju , Kunwar Yashraj Singh , R. Manmatha , Shabnam Ghadar

The subjective evaluation of early stage engineering designs, such as conceptual sketches, traditionally relies on human experts. However, expert evaluations are time-consuming, expensive, and sometimes inconsistent. Recent advances in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Kristen M. Edwards , Farnaz Tehranchi , Scarlett R. Miller , Faez Ahmed

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for image understanding tasks, yet their practical deployment remains hindered by significant architectural heterogeneity across model families. This paper introduces UVLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Joan Perez , Giovanni Fusco

Block-based programming environments such as Scratch are increasingly popular in programming education, in particular for young learners. While the use of blocks helps prevent syntax errors, semantic bugs remain common and difficult to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Yuan Si , Daming Li , Hanyuan Shi , Jialu Zhang