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It has been recently shown that a state generated by a one-dimensional noisy quantum computer is well approximated by a matrix product operator with a finite bond dimension independent of the number of qubits. We show that full quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-14 Alexander Lidiak , Casey Jameson , Zhen Qin , Gongguo Tang , Michael B. Wakin , Zhihui Zhu , Zhexuan Gong

Recent advances in quantum computers and simulators are steadily leading us towards full-scale quantum computing devices. Due to the fact that debugging is necessary to create any computing device, quantum tomography (QT) is a critical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-12 B. I. Bantysh , A. Yu. Chernyavskiy , Yu. I. Bogdanov

Reconstructing the state of a complex quantum system represents a pivotal task for all quantum information applications, both for characterization purposes and for verification of quantum protocols. Recent technological developments have…

Tomographic reconstruction of quantum states plays a fundamental role in benchmarking quantum systems and accessing information encoded in quantum-mechanical systems. Among the informationally complete sets of quantum measurements, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Victor Gonzalez Avella , Jakub Czartowski , Dardo Goyeneche , Karol Życzkowski

While quantum state tomography (QST) remains the gold standard for benchmarking and verifying quantum devices, it requires an exponentially large number of measurements and classical computational resources for generic quantum many-body…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-19 Zhen Qin , Casey Jameson , Alireza Goldar , Michael B. Wakin , Zhexuan Gong , Zhihui Zhu

We present the first complete optimization of quantum tomography, for states, POVMs, and various classes of transformations, for arbitrary prior ensemble and arbitrary representation, giving corresponding feasible experimental schemes.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 A. Bisio , G. Chiribella , G. M. D'Ariano , S. Facchini , P. Perinotti

Quantum state tomography is a fundamental task in quantum information science, enabling detailed characterization of correlations, entanglement, and electronic structure in quantum systems. However, its exponential measurement and…

With nowadays steadily growing quantum processors, it is required to develop new quantum tomography tools that are tailored for high-dimensional systems. In this work, we describe such a computational tool, based on recent ideas from…

Only a few classes of quantum algorithms are known which provide a speed-up over classical algorithms. However, these and any new quantum algorithms provide important motivation for the development of quantum computers. In this article new…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-02-04 Lian-Ao Wu , Mark S. Byrd

Learning faithful representations of quantum states is crucial to fully characterizing the variety of many-body states created on quantum processors. While various tomographic methods such as classical shadow and MPS tomography have shown…

Characterizing quantum systems is a fundamental task that enables the development of quantum technologies. Various approaches, ranging from full tomography to instances of classical shadows, have been proposed to this end. However, quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-16 Franz J. Schreiber , Jens Eisert , Johannes Jakob Meyer

A new approach suitable for distributed quantum machine learning and exhibiting memory is proposed for a photonic platform. This measurement-based quantum reservoir computing takes advantage of continuous variable cluster states as the main…

In the absence of experimental constraints, optimal measurement schemes for quantum state tomography are well understood. We consider the scenario where the experimenter doesn't have arbitrary freedom to construct their measurement set, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-22 Mohammadreza Mohammadi , Agata M. Branczyk

We study quantum tomography based on a stochastic continuous-time measurement record obtained from a probe field collectively interacting with an ensemble of identically prepared systems. In comparison to previous studies, we consider here…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-01 Robert L. Cook , Carlos A. Riofrío , Ivan H. Deutsch

Quantum state tomography via local measurements is an efficient tool for characterizing quantum states. However it requires that the original global state be uniquely determined (UD) by its local reduced density matrices (RDMs). In this…

Stochastic processes underlie a vast range of natural and social phenomena. Some processes such as atomic decay feature intrinsic randomness, whereas other complex processes, e.g. traffic congestion, are effectively probabilistic because we…

We study the problems of quantum tomography and shadow tomography using measurements performed on individual, identical copies of an unknown $d$-dimensional state. We first revisit a known lower bound due to Haah et al. (2017) on quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-12 Angus Lowe , Ashwin Nayak

We study quantum learning algorithms for quantum measurements. The optimal learning algorithm is derived for arbitrary von Neumann measurements in the case of training with one or two examples. The analysis of the case of three examples…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-31 Alessandro Bisio , Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano , Paolo Perinotti , Michal Sedlak

The goal of qubit purification is to combine multiple noisy copies of an unknown pure quantum state to obtain one or more copies that are closer to the pure state. We show that a simple protocol based solely on random SWAP tests achieves…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Shrigyan Brahmachari , Austin Hulse , Henry D. Pfister , Iman Marvian

Complete characterization of states and processes that occur within quantum devices is crucial for understanding and testing their potential to outperform classical technologies for communications and computing. However, solving this task…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-07 E. S. Tiunov , V. V. Tiunova , A. E. Ulanov , A. I. Lvovsky , A. K. Fedorov