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Entropy production is a fundamental concept that plays a crucial role in the second law of thermodynamics and the measure of irreversibility. It imposes rigorous constraints on the kinds of transformations allowed in thermodynamic…

It is widely believed that the underlying reality behind statistical mechanics is a deterministic and unitary time evolution of a many-particle wave function, even though this is in conflict with the irreversible, stochastic nature of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-05-16 Barbara Drossel

The relation between the thermodynamic entropy production and non-Markovian evolutions is matter of current research. Here, we study the behavior of the stochastic entropy production in open quantum systems undergoing unital non-Markovian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-19 Stefano Gherardini , Stefano Marcantoni , Filippo Caruso

Irreversibility is one of the most intriguing concepts in physics. While microscopic physical laws are perfectly reversible, macroscopic average behavior has a preferred direction of time. According to the second law of thermodynamics, this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-12 T. B. Batalhao , A. M. Souza , R. S. Sarthour , I. S. Oliveira , M. Paternostro , E. Lutz , R. M. Serra

In the general process of eliminating dynamic variables in Markovian models, there exists a difference in the irreversible entropy production between the original and reduced dynamics. We call this difference the hidden entropy production,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-06-28 Kyogo Kawaguchi , Yohei Nakayama

In this article, we analyze three classes of time-reversal of a Markov process with Gaussian noise on a manifold. We first unveil a commutativity constraint for the most general of these time-reversals to be well defined. Then we give a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-08-09 Jérémy O'Byrne , Michael E. Cates

Systems driven away from thermal equilibrium constantly deliver entropy to their environment. Determining this entropy production requires detailed information about the system's internal states and dynamics. However, in most practical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-10-03 Gili Bisker , Matteo Polettini , Todd R. Gingrich , Jordan M. Horowitz

The irreversibility of the dynamics of the conservative systems on example of hard disks and potentially of interacting elements is investigated in terms of laws of classical mechanics. The equation of the motion of interacting systems and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 V. M. Somsikov

Statistical mechanics relies on the complete though probabilistic description of a system in terms of all the microscopic variables. Its object is to derive therefrom static and dynamic properties involving some reduced set of variables.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 R. Balian

It is a central question in quantum thermodynamics to determine how irreversible is a process that transforms an initial state $\rho$ to a final state $\sigma$, and whether such irreversibility can be thought of as a useful resource. For…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-09 Álvaro M. Alhambra , Stephanie Wehner , Mark M. Wilde , Mischa P. Woods

Entropy production plays a fundamental role in the study of non-equilibrium systems by offering a quantitative handle on the degree of time-reversal symmetry breaking. It depends crucially on the degree of freedom considered as well as on…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-05-04 Luca Cocconi , Guillaume Salbreux , Gunnar Pruessner

Out-of-equilibrium systems continuously generate entropy, with its rate of production being a fingerprint of non-equilibrium conditions. In small-scale dissipative systems subject to thermal noise, fluctuations of entropy production are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-01-19 Prajwal Padmanabha , Daniel Maria Busiello , Amos Maritan , Deepak Gupta

A central problem in machine learning involves modeling complex data-sets using highly flexible families of probability distributions in which learning, sampling, inference, and evaluation are still analytically or computationally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-20 Jascha Sohl-Dickstein , Eric A. Weiss , Niru Maheswaranathan , Surya Ganguli

Irreversible Port Hamiltonian Systems are departure of Port Hamiltonian Systems as they are generated not only by a Hamiltonian function but also by an entropy function and defined with respect to a quasi-Poisson bracket which embeds the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-02-20 Bernhard Maschke , Jonas Kirchhoff

Stochastic processes that are randomly reset to an initial condition serve as a showcase to investigate non-equilibrium steady states. However, all existing results have been restricted to the special case of memoryless resetting protocols.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-03-23 Stephan Eule , Jakob Metzger

Proposals to solve the problems of quantum measurement via non-linear CPT-violating modifications of quantum dynamics are argued to provide a possible fundamental explanation for the irreversibility of statistical mechanics as well. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. B. Weissman

We derive geometrical bounds on the irreversibility in both quantum and classical Markovian open systems that satisfy the detailed balance condition. Using information geometry, we prove that irreversible entropy production is bounded from…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-01-05 Tan Van Vu , Yoshihiko Hasegawa

Steering resources, central for quantum advantages in one-sided device-independent quantum information tasks, can be enhanced via local filters. Recently, reversible steering conversion under local filters has been fully characterised.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-13 Chung-Yun Hsieh , Huan-Yu Ku , Costantino Budroni

Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics exhibit a variety of complex phenomena far from equilibrium. It inherits challenges of equilibrium, including accurately describing the joint distribution of a large number of configurations, and also…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-02-08 Ying Tang , Jing Liu , Jiang Zhang , Pan Zhang

We attempt to characterize irreversibility of a dynamical system from the existence of different forward and backward mathematical representations depending on the direction of the time arrow. Such different representations have been…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-08-14 Giorgio Picci