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Cat states are an important resource for fault-tolerant quantum computing, where they serve as building blocks for a variety of fault-tolerant primitives. Consequently, the ability to prepare high-quality cat states at large fault distances…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-08 Tom Peham , Erik Weilandt , Robert Wille

We consider the problem of learning a discrete distribution in the presence of an $\epsilon$ fraction of malicious data sources. Specifically, we consider the setting where there is some underlying distribution, $p$, and each data source…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-23 Mingda Qiao , Gregory Valiant

Given a dataset of input states, measurements, and probabilities, is it possible to efficiently predict the measurement probabilities associated with a quantum circuit? Recent work of Caro and Datta (2020) studied the problem of PAC…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-07 Daniel Liang

A critical question for the field of quantum computing in the near future is whether quantum devices without error correction can perform a well-defined computational task beyond the capabilities of state-of-the-art classical computers,…

It has been known for almost 30 years that quantum circuits with interspersed depolarizing noise converge to the uniform distribution at $\omega(\log n)$ depth, where $n$ is the number of qubits, making them classically simulable. We show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Jon Nelson , Joel Rajakumar , Michael J. Gullans

When experimentally learning the action of a continuous variable quantum process by probing it with inputs, there will often be some restriction on the input states used. One experimentally simple way to probe a quantum channel is using low…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-20 Jason L. Pereira , Quntao Zhuang , Leonardo Banchi

Quantum data loading plays a central role in quantum algorithms and quantum information processing. Many quantum algorithms hinge on the ability to prepare arbitrary superposition states as a subroutine, with claims of exponential speedups…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-25 Chun-Tse Li , Hao-Chung Cheng

Recent work has shown that $n$-qubit quantum states output by circuits with at most $t$ single-qubit non-Clifford gates can be learned to trace distance $\epsilon$ using $\mathsf{poly}(n,2^t,1/\epsilon)$ time and samples. All prior…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-08 Sabee Grewal , Vishnu Iyer , William Kretschmer , Daniel Liang

Modeling joint probability distributions is an important task in a wide variety of fields. One popular technique for this employs a family of multivariate distributions with uniform marginals called copulas. While the theory of modeling…

Preparing large-qubit Dicke states is of broad interest in quantum computing and quantum metrology. However, the number of qubits available on a single quantum processing unit (QPU) is limited -- motivating the distributed preparation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-29 Ziheng Chen , Junhong Nie , Xiaoming Sun , Jialin Zhang , Jiadong Zhu

We give an algorithm for learning $O(\log n)$ juntas in polynomial-time with respect to Markov Random Fields (MRFs) in a smoothed analysis framework where only the external field has been randomly perturbed. This is a broad generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Gautam Chandrasekaran , Adam Klivans

We propose several algorithms for learning unitary operators from quantum statistical queries with respect to their Choi-Jamiolkowski state. Quantum statistical queries capture the capabilities of a learner with limited quantum resources,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 Armando Angrisani

Quantum circuits for loading probability distributions into quantum states are essential subroutines in quantum algorithms used in physics, finance engineering, and machine learning. The ability to implement these with high accuracy in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 Yuichi Sano , Ikko Hamamura

We give the first super-polynomial (in fact, mildly exponential) lower bounds for tolerant testing (equivalently, distance estimation) of monotonicity, unateness, and juntas with a constant separation between the "yes" and "no" cases.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Xi Chen , Anindya De , Yuhao Li , Shivam Nadimpalli , Rocco A. Servedio

Quantum state transfer protocols are a major toolkit in many quantum information processing tasks, from quantum key distribution to quantum computation. To assess performance of a such a protocol, one often relies on the average fidelity…

The complete learning of an $n$-qubit quantum state requires samples exponentially in $n$. Several works consider subclasses of quantum states that can be learned in polynomial sample complexity such as stabilizer states or high-temperature…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-19 Liming Zhao , Naixu Guo , Ming-Xing Luo , Patrick Rebentrost

Following [OW16], we continue our analysis of: (1) "Quantum tomography", i.e., learning a quantum state, i.e., the quantum generalization of learning a discrete probability distribution; (2) The distribution of Young diagrams output by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-02 Ryan O'Donnell , John Wright

We examine the complexity of learning the distributions produced by finite-state quantum sources. We show how prior techniques for learning hidden Markov models can be adapted to the quantum generator model to find that the analogous state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-21 Brendan Juba

We prove a $k^{-\Omega(\log(\varepsilon_2 - \varepsilon_1))}$ lower bound for adaptively testing whether a Boolean function is $\varepsilon_1$-close to or $\varepsilon_2$-far from $k$-juntas. Our results provide the first superpolynomial…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Xi Chen , Shyamal Patel

Adaptive quantum circuits, leveraging measurements and classical feedback, significantly expand the landscape of realizable quantum states compared to their non-adaptive counterparts, enabling the preparation of long-range entangled states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Guoding Liu , Junjie Chen , Xiongfeng Ma