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The billion-scale Large Language Models (LLMs) need deployment on expensive server-grade GPUs with large-storage HBMs and abundant computation capability. As LLM-assisted services become popular, achieving cost-effective LLM inference on…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Lian Liu , Shixin Zhao , Bing Li , Haimeng Ren , Zhaohui Xu , Mengdi Wang , Xiaowei Li , Yinhe Han , Ying Wang

Given a family of linear constraints and a linear objective function one can consider whether to apply a Linear Programming (LP) algorithm or use a Linear Superiorization (LinSup) algorithm on this data. In the LP methodology one aims at…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Jan Schröder , Yair Censor , Philipp Süss , Karl-Heinz Küfer

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become an integral part of many real-world workflows. However, LLMs consume a lot of energy, which becomes a large concern in the scale of the demand for these tools. As LLMs become integrated into…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Katelyn Crumpacker , Dimitrios Nikolopoulos

Large Neighborhood Search (LNS) is a common heuristic in combinatorial optimization that iteratively searches over a large neighborhood of the current solution for a better one. Recently, neural network-based LNS solvers have achieved great…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Shengyu Feng , Zhiqing Sun , Yiming Yang

Iterative differential approximation methods that rely upon backpropagation have enabled the optimization of neural networks; however, at present, they remain computationally expensive, especially when training models at scale. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Jake Ryland Williams , Haoran Zhao

We perform a smoothed analysis of the termination phase of an interior-point method. By combining this analysis with the smoothed analysis of Renegar's interior-point algorithm by Dunagan, Spielman and Teng, we show that the smoothed…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Daniel A. Spielman , Shang-Hua Teng

Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) has been extensively applied in areas requiring mathematical solvers to address complex instances within tight time constraints. However, as the problem scale increases, the complexity of model formulation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Teng Wang , Wing-Yin Yu , Ruifeng She , Wenhan Yang , Taijie Chen , Jianping Zhang

With the widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs), the demand for high-performance LLM inference services continues to grow. To meet this demand, a growing number of AI accelerators have been proposed, such as Google TPU, Huawei…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Tianhao Zhu , Dahu Feng , Erhu Feng , Yubin Xia

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is one of the most widely used recurrent structures in sequence modeling. It aims to use gates to control information flow (e.g., whether to skip some information or not) in the recurrent computations, although…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-11 Zhuohan Li , Di He , Fei Tian , Wei Chen , Tao Qin , Liwei Wang , Tie-Yan Liu

We study the problem of optimizing Large Language Model (LLM) inference scheduling to minimize total latency. LLM inference is an online and multi-task service process and also heavily energy consuming by which a pre-trained LLM processes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zixi Chen , Yinyu Ye , Zijie Zhou

Prompt tuning (PT) offers a cost-effective alternative to fine-tuning large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs), requiring only a few parameters in soft prompt tokens added before the input text. However, existing PT approaches face…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Pengxiang Lan , Haoyu Xu , Enneng Yang , Yuliang Liang , Guibing Guo , Jianzhe Zhao , Xingwei Wang

Language models (LMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in NLP, yet adapting them efficiently and robustly to specific tasks remains challenging. As their scale and complexity grow, fine-tuning LMs on labelled data often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Zhengyan Shi

State-of-the-art language models (LMs) represented by long-short term memory recurrent neural networks (LSTM-RNNs) and Transformers are becoming increasingly complex and expensive for practical applications. Low-bit neural network…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Junhao Xu , Jianwei Yu , Shoukang Hu , Xunying Liu , Helen Meng

Nonlinear Parametric Optimization Network (NLPOpt-Net) is an unsupervised learning architecture to solve constrained nonlinear programs (NLP). Given the structure of an NLP, it learns the parametric solution maps with guaranteed constraint…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Bimol Nath Roy , Rahul Golder , MM Faruque Hasan

Interior point methods (IPMs) that handle nonconvex constraints such as IPOPT, KNITRO and LOQO have had enormous practical success. We consider IPMs in the setting where the objective and constraints are thrice differentiable, and have…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-06 Oliver Hinder , Yinyu Ye

We consider large linear and nonlinear fixed point problems, and solution with proximal algorithms. We show that there is a close connection between two seemingly different types of methods from distinct fields: 1) Proximal iterations for…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Dimitri P. Bertsekas

We propose a novel paradigm for solving Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) problems via deep recurrent neural networks. This proposed ILP solver is designed based on differentiable implementation of the deduction via forward chaining. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Ali Payani , Faramarz Fekri

This paper presents PIQP, a high-performance toolkit for solving generic sparse quadratic programs (QP). Combining an infeasible Interior Point Method (IPM) with the Proximal Method of Multipliers (PMM), the algorithm can handle…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-18 Roland Schwan , Yuning Jiang , Daniel Kuhn , Colin N. Jones

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence has driven interest in Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks for their effectiveness in processing sequential data. However, traditional LSTMs are limited by issues such as the vanishing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-27 Yifan Zhou , Chong Cheng Xu , Mingi Song , Yew Kee Wong , Kangsong Du

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced artificial intelligence by optimizing traditional Natural Language Processing (NLP) workflows, facilitating their integration into various systems. Many such NLP systems, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Jiliang Ni , Jiachen Pu , Zhongyi Yang , Kun Zhou , Hui Wang , Xiaoliang Xiao , Dakui Wang , Xin Li , Jingfeng Luo , Conggang Hu