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Despite the advanced intelligence abilities of large language models (LLMs) in various applications, they still face significant computational and storage demands. Knowledge Distillation (KD) has emerged as an effective strategy to improve…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional code generation capabilities, yet their token-level mechanisms remain underexplored, particularly in compressed models. Through systematic analysis of programming language token…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Viacheslav Siniaev , Iaroslav Chelombitko , Aleksey Komissarov

In this work, we present a novel method, named AV2vec, for learning audio-visual speech representations by multimodal self-distillation. AV2vec has a student and a teacher module, in which the student performs a masked latent feature…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-07 Jing-Xuan Zhang , Genshun Wan , Zhen-Hua Ling , Jia Pan , Jianqing Gao , Cong Liu

As a popular multilingual and multitask pre-trained speech model, Whisper has the problem of curse of multilinguality. To enhance multilingual capabilities in small Whisper models, we propose DQ-Whisper, a novel joint distillation and…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Hang Shao , Bei Liu , Wei Wang , Xun Gong , Yanmin Qian

This paper introduces SA-OOSC, a multimodal large language models (MLLM)-distilled semantic communication framework that achieves efficient semantic coding with scenario-aware importance allocations. This approach addresses a critical…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-10 Feifan Zhang , Yuyang Du , Yifan Xiang , Xiaoyan Liu , Soung Chang Liew

Large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs) have shown great potential in natural language processing tasks. Leveraging the capabilities of PLMs to enhance automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems has also emerged as a promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Minglun Han , Feilong Chen , Jing Shi , Shuang Xu , Bo Xu

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has revolutionized audio representations, yet models often remain domain-specific, focusing on either speech or non-speech tasks. In this work, we present Universal Speech and Audio Distillation (USAD), a…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Heng-Jui Chang , Saurabhchand Bhati , James Glass , Alexander H. Liu

The long speech sequence has been troubling language models (LM) based TTS approaches in terms of modeling complexity and efficiency. This work proposes SoCodec, a semantic-ordered multi-stream speech codec, to address this issue. It…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Haohan Guo , Fenglong Xie , Kun Xie , Dongchao Yang , Dake Guo , Xixin Wu , Helen Meng

A recent trend in Natural Language Processing is the exponential growth in Language Model (LM) size, which prevents research groups without a necessary hardware infrastructure from participating in the development process. This study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Jan Philip Wahle

Large Speech Language Models (LSLMs) typically operate at high token rates (tokens/s) to ensure acoustic fidelity, yet this results in sequence lengths that far exceed the underlying semantic content, incurring prohibitive inference costs.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Bajian Xiang , Tingwei Guo , Xuan Chen , Yang Han

Neural audio codecs discretize speech via residual vector quantization (RVQ), forming a coarse-to-fine hierarchy across quantizers. While codec models have been explored for representation learning, their discrete structure remains…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Jinyang Wu , Zihan Pan , Qiquan Zhang , Sailor Hardik Bhupendra , Soumik Mondal

In recent years, pre-trained multimodal large models have attracted widespread attention due to their outstanding performance in various multimodal applications. Nonetheless, the extensive computational resources and vast datasets required…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Zhengyang Liang , Meiyu Liang , Wei Huang , Yawen Li , Zhe Xue

With the rise of Speech Large Language Models (Speech LLMs), there has been growing interest in discrete speech tokens for their ability to integrate with text-based tokens seamlessly. Compared to most studies that focus on continuous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Dingdong Wang , Mingyu Cui , Dongchao Yang , Xueyuan Chen , Helen Meng

Adapting pretrained language models (LMs) into vision-language models (VLMs) can degrade their native linguistic capability due to representation shift and cross-modal interference introduced during multimodal adaptation. Such loss is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Patrick Amadeus Irawan , Erland Hilman Fuadi , Shanu Kumar , Alham Fikri Aji , Yova Kementchedjhieva

In this paper, we investigate distillation and pruning methods to reduce model size for non-intrusive speech quality assessment based on self-supervised representations. Our experiments build on XLS-R-SQA, a speech quality assessment model…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-11 Benjamin Stahl , Hannes Gamper

With the rise of multimodal large language models (LLMs), audio codec plays an increasingly vital role in encoding audio into discrete tokens, enabling integration of audio into text-based LLMs. Current audio codec captures two types of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-29 Ruifan Deng , Yitian Gong , Qinghui Gao , Luozhijie Jin , Qinyuan Cheng , Zhaoye Fei , Shimin Li , Xipeng Qiu

The multi-codebook speech codec enables the application of large language models (LLM) in TTS but bottlenecks efficiency and robustness due to multi-sequence prediction. To avoid this obstacle, we propose Single-Codec, a single-codebook…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-12 Hanzhao Li , Liumeng Xue , Haohan Guo , Xinfa Zhu , Yuanjun Lv , Lei Xie , Yunlin Chen , Hao Yin , Zhifei Li

The deep complex convolution recurrent network (DCCRN) achieves excellent speech enhancement performance by utilizing the audio spectrum's complex features. However, it has a large number of model parameters. We propose a smaller model,…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Runduo Han , Weiming Xu , Zihan Zhang , Mingshuai Liu , Lei Xie

Deep learning architectures have shown remarkable results in scene understanding problems, however they exhibit a critical drop of performances when they are required to learn incrementally new tasks without forgetting old ones. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Umberto Michieli , Pietro Zanuttigh

How to boost speech pre-training with textual data is an unsolved problem due to the fact that speech and text are very different modalities with distinct characteristics. In this paper, we propose a cross-modal Speech and Language Model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Ziqiang Zhang , Sanyuan Chen , Long Zhou , Yu Wu , Shuo Ren , Shujie Liu , Zhuoyuan Yao , Xun Gong , Lirong Dai , Jinyu Li , Furu Wei