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More and more research works fuse the LiDAR and camera information to improve the 3D object detection of the autonomous driving system. Recently, a simple yet effective fusion framework has achieved an excellent detection performance,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Yun Zhao , Zhan Gong , Peiru Zheng , Hong Zhu , Shaohua Wu

In this paper, we focus on the multi-object tracking (MOT) problem of automatic driving and robot navigation. Most existing MOT methods track multiple objects using a singular RGB camera, which are prone to camera field-of-view and suffer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Yuhang He , Wentao Yu , Jie Han , Xing Wei , Xiaopeng Hong , Yihong Gong

As one of the automotive sensors that have emerged in recent years, 4D millimeter-wave radar has a higher resolution than conventional 3D radar and provides precise elevation measurements. But its point clouds are still sparse and noisy,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Hongsi Liu , Jun Liu , Guangfeng Jiang , Xin Jin

In multi-object inference, the multi-object probability density captures the uncertainty in the number and the states of the objects as well as the statistical dependence between the objects. Exact computation of the multi-object density is…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2015-10-28 Francesco Papi , Ba-Ngu Vo , Ba-Tuong Vo , Claudio Fantacci , Michael Beard

Object detection is an important task in environment perception for autonomous driving. Modern 2D object detection frameworks such as Yolo, SSD or Faster R-CNN predict multiple bounding boxes per object that are refined using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Nils Gählert , Niklas Hanselmann , Uwe Franke , Joachim Denzler

Accurate 3D multi-object tracking (MOT) is crucial for autonomous driving, as it enables robust perception, navigation, and planning in complex environments. While deep learning-based solutions have demonstrated impressive 3D MOT…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Guanhua Ding , Yuxuan Xia , Runwei Guan , Qinchen Wu , Tao Huang , Weiping Ding , Jinping Sun , Guoqiang Mao

Multi-object tracking (MOT) in monocular videos is fundamentally challenged by occlusions and depth ambiguity, issues that conventional tracking-by-detection (TBD) methods struggle to resolve owing to a lack of geometric awareness. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xudong Han , Pengcheng Fang , Yueying Tian , Jianhui Yu , Xiaohao Cai , Daniel Roggen , Philip Birch

Multi-target state estimation refers to estimating the number of targets and their trajectories in a surveillance area using measurements contaminated with noise and clutter. In the Bayesian paradigm, the most common approach to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Diluka Moratuwage , Changbeom Shim , Yuthika Punchihewa

Ladars provide a unique capability for identification of objects and motions in scenes with fixed 3D field of view (FOV). This paper describes algorithms for multi-target tracking in 3D scenes including the preprocessing (mathematical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2012-12-14 Rastislav Telgarsky

Supervised 3D Object Detection models have been displaying increasingly better performance in single-domain cases where the training data comes from the same environment and sensor as the testing data. However, in real-world scenarios data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Louis Soum-Fontez , Jean-Emmanuel Deschaud , François Goulette

The combination of LiDAR and camera modalities is proven to be necessary and typical for 3D object detection according to recent studies. Existing fusion strategies tend to overly rely on the LiDAR modal in essence, which exploits the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Yang Yang , Weijie Ma , Hao Chen , Linlin Ou , Xinyi Yu

This paper proposes an efficient and robust algorithm to estimate target trajectories with unknown target detection profiles and clutter rates using measurements from multiple sensors. In particular, we propose to combine the multi-sensor…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-04 Cong-Thanh Do , Tran Thien Dat Nguyen , Hoa Van Nguyen

In autonomous driving, LiDAR sensors are vital for acquiring 3D point clouds, providing reliable geometric information. However, traditional sampling methods of preprocessing often ignore semantic features, leading to detail loss and ground…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Hao Jing , Anhong Wang , Lijun Zhao , Yakun Yang , Donghan Bu , Jing Zhang , Yifan Zhang , Junhui Hou

This paper proposes an online multi-camera multi-object tracker that only requires monocular detector training, independent of the multi-camera configurations, allowing seamless extension/deletion of cameras without retraining effort. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Jonah Ong , Ba Tuong Vo , Ba Ngu Vo , Du Yong Kim , Sven Nordholm

Accurate and robust LiDAR 3D object detection is essential for comprehensive scene understanding in autonomous driving. Despite its importance, LiDAR detection performance is limited by inherent constraints of point cloud data, particularly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Rui Yu , Runkai Zhao , Cong Nie , Heng Wang , HuaiCheng Yan , Meng Wang

LiDAR datasets for autonomous driving exhibit biases in properties such as point cloud density, range, and object dimensions. As a result, object detection networks trained and evaluated in different environments often experience…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Deepti Hegde , Suhas Lohit , Kuan-Chuan Peng , Michael J. Jones , Vishal M. Patel

Most end-to-end Multi-Object Tracking (MOT) methods face the problems of low accuracy and poor generalization ability. Although traditional filter-based methods can achieve better results, they are difficult to be endowed with optimal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Guangyao Zhai , Xin Kong , Jinhao Cui , Yong Liu , Zhen Yang

Recent progress in dense SLAM has primarily targeted monocular setups, often at the expense of robustness and geometric coverage. We present MCGS-SLAM, the first purely RGB-based multi-camera SLAM system built on 3D Gaussian Splatting…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zhihao Cao , Hanyu Wu , Li Wa Tang , Zizhou Luo , Wei Zhang , Marc Pollefeys , Zihan Zhu , Martin R. Oswald

This paper introduces LiGSM, a novel LiDAR-enhanced 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) mapping framework that improves the accuracy and robustness of 3D scene mapping by integrating LiDAR data. LiGSM constructs joint loss from images and LiDAR…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Jian Shen , Huai Yu , Ji Wu , Wen Yang , Gui-Song Xia

This paper presents a novel method for pedestrian detection and tracking by fusing camera and LiDAR sensor data. To deal with the challenges associated with the autonomous driving scenarios, an integrated tracking and detection framework is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Muhammad Mobaidul Islam , Abdullah Al Redwan Newaz , Ali Karimoddini