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Conformal prediction methods provide statistically rigorous marginal coverage guarantees for machine learning models, but such guarantees fail to account for algorithmic biases, thereby undermining fairness and trust. This paper introduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Senrong Xu , Yanke Zhou , Yuhao Tan , Zenan Li , Yuan Yao , Taolue Chen , Feng Xu , Xiaoxing Ma

In a well-calibrated risk prediction model, the average predicted probability is close to the true event rate for any given subgroup. Such models are reliable across heterogeneous populations and satisfy strong notions of algorithmic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Jean Feng , Alexej Gossmann , Romain Pirracchio , Nicholas Petrick , Gene Pennello , Berkman Sahiner

Probabilistic predictions can be evaluated through comparisons with observed label frequencies, that is, through the lens of calibration. Recent scholarship on algorithmic fairness has started to look at a growing variety of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Benedikt Höltgen , Robert C Williamson

Representation learning aims to extract meaningful lower-dimensional embeddings from data, known as representations. Despite its widespread application, there is no established definition of a ``good'' representation. Typically, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Mahalakshmi Sabanayagam , Omar Al-Dabooni , Pascal Esser

We study methods for improving fairness to subgroups in settings with overlapping populations and sequential predictions. Classical notions of fairness focus on the balance of some property across different populations. However, in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-04 Avrim Blum , Thodoris Lykouris

While clustering is ubiquitously used across science and industry, uncertainty in cluster assignments is rarely quantified with rigorous guarantees. We propose a novel conformal inference framework for clustering that returns confidence…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-13 YoonHaeng Hur , Anirban Nath , Genevera Allen

This paper introduces a conformal inference method to evaluate uncertainty in classification by generating prediction sets with valid coverage conditional on adaptively chosen features. These features are carefully selected to reflect…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-31 Yanfei Zhou , Matteo Sesia

To address the shortcomings of real-world datasets, robust learning algorithms have been designed to overcome arbitrary and indiscriminate data corruption. However, practical processes of gathering data may lead to patterns of data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Lunjia Hu , Charlotte Peale , Judy Hanwen Shen

Despite its popularity, it is widely recognized that the investigation of some theoretical aspects of clustering has been relatively sparse. One of the main reasons for this lack of theoretical results is surely the fact that, whereas for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-12-11 José E. Chacón

Conformal prediction is a framework for uncertainty quantification that constructs prediction sets for previously unseen data, guaranteeing coverage of the true label with a specified probability. However, the efficiency of these prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Erfan Hajihashemi , Yanning Shen

Calibration has emerged as a foundational goal in ``trustworthy machine learning'', in part because of its strong decision theoretic semantics. Independent of the underlying distribution, and independent of the decision maker's utility…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-28 Shayan Kiyani , Hamed Hassani , George Pappas , Aaron Roth

Clustering is a fundamental data mining tool that aims to divide data into groups of similar items. Generally, intuition about clustering reflects the ideal case -- exact data sets endowed with flawless dissimilarity between individual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-01-25 Margareta Ackerman , Jarrod Moore

As algorithms increasingly inform and influence decisions made about individuals, it becomes increasingly important to address concerns that these algorithms might be discriminatory. The output of an algorithm can be discriminatory for many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-19 Úrsula Hébert-Johnson , Michael P. Kim , Omer Reingold , Guy N. Rothblum

Clustering is a fundamental learning task widely used as a first step in data analysis. For example, biologists use cluster assignments to analyze genome sequences, medical records, or images. Since downstream analysis is typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Jonathan Svirsky , Ofir Lindenbaum

Clustering is a widely used unsupervised learning method for finding structure in the data. However, the resulting clusters are typically presented without any guarantees on their robustness; slightly changing the used data sample or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-01-02 Andreas Henelius , Kai Puolamäki , Henrik Boström , Panagiotis Papapetrou

Despite empirical risk minimization (ERM) is widely applied in the machine learning community, its performance is limited on data with spurious correlation or subpopulation that is introduced by hidden attributes. Existing literature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Hongyu Shen , Zhizhen Zhao

We give a principled method for decomposing the predictive uncertainty of a model into aleatoric and epistemic components with explicit semantics relating them to the real-world data distribution. While many works in the literature have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Gustaf Ahdritz , Aravind Gollakota , Parikshit Gopalan , Charlotte Peale , Udi Wieder

We provide statistical learning guarantees for two unsupervised learning tasks in the context of compressive statistical learning, a general framework for resource-efficient large-scale learning that we introduced in a companion paper.The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Rémi Gribonval , Gilles Blanchard , Nicolas Keriven , Yann Traonmilin

The usage of machine learning methods in traditional surveys including official statistics, is still very limited. Therefore, we propose a predictor supported by these algorithms, which can be used to predict any population or subpopulation…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-14 Tomasz Żądło , Adam Chwila

The consistency of the maximum likelihood estimator for mixtures of elliptically-symmetric distributions for estimating its population version is shown, where the underlying distribution $P$ is nonparametric and does not necessarily belong…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-14 Pietro Coretto , Christian Hennig