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Sequential scaling is a prominent inference-time scaling paradigm, yet its performance improvements are typically modest and not well understood, largely due to the prevalence of heuristic, non-principled approaches that obscure clear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Youkang Wang , Jian Wang , Rubing Chen , Tianyi Zeng , Xiao-Yong Wei , Qing Li

In this paper, we address the problem of identifying linear structural equation models. We first extend the edge set half-trek criterion to cover a broader class of models. We then show that any semi-Markovian linear model can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-08-11 Bryant Chen

Random delays weaken the temporal correspondence between actions and subsequent state feedback, making it difficult for agents to identify the true propagation process of action effects. In cross-task scenarios, changes in task objectives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Chenran Zhao , Dianxi Shi , Yaowen Zhang , Chunping Qiu , Shaowu Yang

We propose a numerical method to spline-interpolate discrete signals and then apply the integral transforms to the corresponding analytical spline functions. This represents a robust and computationally efficient technique for estimating…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-27 Yupeng Zhang , Yueyang Shen , Rongqian Zhang , Yuyao Liu , Yunjie Guo , Daxuan Deng , Ivo D. Dinov

Asymptotic properties of Markov Processes, such as steady state probabilities or hazard rate for absorbing states can be efficiently calculated by means of linear algebra even for large-scale problems. This paper discusses the methods for…

Performance · Computer Science 2017-05-17 Vitali Volovoi

This work deals with the estimation of parameters of Mittag-Leffler (ML($\alpha, \sigma$)) distribution. We estimate the parameters of ML($\alpha, \sigma$) using empirical Laplace transform method. The simulation study indicates that the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-13 Monika S. Dhull

Humans develop certain cognitive abilities to recognize objects and their transformations without explicit supervision, highlighting the importance of unsupervised representation learning. A fundamental challenge in unsupervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Kayato Nishitsunoi , Yoshiyuki Ohmura , Takayuki Komatsu , Yasuo Kuniyoshi

This paper presents an algorithm for the unsupervised learning of latent variable models from unlabeled sets of data. We base our technique on spectral decomposition, providing a technique that proves to be robust both in theory and in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-04-05 Matteo Ruffini , Marta Casanellas , Ricard Gavaldà

The slow processes of metastable stochastic dynamical systems are difficult to access by direct numerical simulation due the sampling problem. Here, we suggest an approach for modeling the slow parts of Markov processes by approximating the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-12-03 Frank Noé , Feliks Nüske

We consider the task of learning a parametric Continuous Time Markov Chain (CTMC) sequence model without examples of sequences, where the training data consists entirely of aggregate steady-state statistics. Making the problem harder, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Jianfei Gao , Mohamed A. Zahran , Amit Sheoran , Sonia Fahmy , Bruno Ribeiro

Graphical Markov models combine conditional independence constraints with graphical representations of stepwise data generating processes.The models started to be formulated about 40 years ago and vigorous development is ongoing.…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-10-12 Nanny Wermuth

A new integer--valued autoregressive process (INAR) with Generalised Lagrangian Katz (GLK) innovations is defined. This process family provides a flexible modelling framework for count data, allowing for under and over--dispersion,…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-18 Ovielt Baltodano Lopez , Federico Bassetti , Giulia Carallo , Roberto Casarin

Continual learning aims to provide intelligent agents that are capable of learning continually a sequence of tasks, building on previously learned knowledge. A key challenge in this learning paradigm is catastrophically forgetting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Ghada Sokar , Decebal Constantin Mocanu , Mykola Pechenizkiy

In this paper we study an imitation and transfer learning setting for Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control, where (i) the system dynamics, noise statistics and cost function are unknown and expert data is provided (that is, sequences of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-23 Taosha Guo , Abed AlRahman Al Makdah , Vishaal Krishnan , Fabio Pasqualetti

We construct a four-parameter family of Markov processes on infinite Gelfand-Tsetlin schemes that preserve the class of central (Gibbs) measures. Any process in the family induces a Feller Markov process on the infinite-dimensional boundary…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-03-04 Alexei Borodin , Grigori Olshanski

Under the classical long-span asymptotic framework we develop a class of Generalized Laplace (GL) inference methods for the change-point dates in a linear time series regression model with multiple structural changes analyzed in, e.g., Bai…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Alessandro Casini , Pierre Perron

Shifts in environment between development and deployment cause classical supervised learning to produce models that fail to generalize well to new target distributions. Recently, many solutions which find invariant predictive distributions…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-21 Adarsh Subbaswamy , Suchi Saria

We propose a method (TT-GP) for approximate inference in Gaussian Process (GP) models. We build on previous scalable GP research including stochastic variational inference based on inducing inputs, kernel interpolation, and structure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-18 Pavel Izmailov , Alexander Novikov , Dmitry Kropotov

Markov random fields area popular model for high-dimensional probability distributions. Over the years, many mathematical, statistical and algorithmic problems on them have been studied. Until recently, the only known algorithms for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-01 Linus Hamilton , Frederic Koehler , Ankur Moitra

Learning causal structures from observational data is a fundamental problem facing important computational challenges when the number of variables is large. In the context of linear structural equation models (SEMs), this paper focuses on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Shuyu Dong , Kento Uemura , Akito Fujii , Shuang Chang , Yusuke Koyanagi , Koji Maruhashi , Michèle Sebag