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With the growing integration of structured and unstructured data, new methods have emerged for performing similarity searches on vectors while honoring structured attribute constraints, i.e., a process known as Filtering Approximate Nearest…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Mocheng Li , Xiao Yan , Baotong Lu , Yue Zhang , James Cheng , Chenhao Ma

Filtered Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) search retrieves the closest vectors for a query vector from a dataset. It enforces that a specified set of discrete labels $S$ for the query must be included in the labels of each retrieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Ananya Sutradhar , Suryansh Gupta , Ravishankar Krishnaswamy , Haiyang Xu , Aseem Rastogi , Gopal Srinivasa

Neural architecture search (NAS) recently attracts much research attention because of its ability to identify better architectures than handcrafted ones. However, many NAS methods, which optimize the search process in a discrete search…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Quanming Yao , Ju Xu , Wei-Wei Tu , Zhanxing Zhu

Approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search is a widely applied technique in modern intelligent applications, such as recommendation systems and vector databases. Therefore, efficient and high-throughput execution of ANN search has become…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Zihan Liu , Wentao Ni , Jingwen Leng , Yu Feng , Cong Guo , Quan Chen , Chao Li , Minyi Guo , Yuhao Zhu

Approximate $k$ nearest neighbor (AKNN) search in high-dimensional space is a foundational problem in vector databases with widespread applications. Among the numerous AKNN indexes, Proximity Graph-based indexes achieve state-of-the-art…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Liuchang Jing , Mingyu Yang , Lei Li , Jianbin Qin , Wei Wang

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is an essential building block for applications like RAG but can sometimes yield results that are overly similar to each other. In certain scenarios, search results should be similar to the query…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Yusuke Matsui

We introduce a novel dictionary optimization method for high-dimensional vector quantization employed in approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search. Vector quantization methods first seek a series of dictionaries, then approximate each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-07-07 Shicong Liu , Hongtao Lu

Graph-based Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is widely adopted in numerous applications, such as recommendation systems, natural language processing, and computer vision. While recent works on GPU-based acceleration have…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Sukjin Kim , Seongyeon Park , Si Ung Noh , Junguk Hong , Taehee Kwon , Hunseong Lim , Jinho Lee

Approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search in AI systems increasingly handles sensitive data on third-party infrastructure. Trusted execution environments (TEEs) offer protection, but cost-efficient deployments must rely on external SSDs,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Deevashwer Rathee , Jean-Luc Watson , Zirui Neil Zhao , G. Edward Suh , Raluca Ada Popa

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) underpins many large-scale data mining and machine learning applications, with efficient retrieval increasingly hinging on GPU acceleration as dataset sizes grow. Although graph-based approaches…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Yaowen Liu , Xuejia Chen , Anxin Tian , Haoyang Li , Qinbin Li , Xin Zhang , Alexander Zhou , Chen Jason Zhang , Qing Li , Lei Chen

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) is a powerful tool to automatically design deep neural networks for many tasks, including image classification. Due to the significant computational burden of the search phase, most NAS methods have focused…

We present a new approach for efficient approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search in high dimensional spaces, extending the idea of Product Quantization. We propose a two-level product and vector quantization tree that reduces the number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Patrick Wieschollek , Oliver Wang , Alexander Sorkine-Hornung , Hendrik P. A. Lensch

Approximate nearest neighbour (ANN) search is an essential component of search engines, recommendation systems, etc. Many recent works focus on learning-based data-distribution-dependent hashing and achieve good retrieval performance.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Kim Yong Tan , Yueming Lyu , Yew Soon Ong , Ivor W. Tsang

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) has become vital to modern AI infrastructure, particularly in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) applications. Numerous in-browser ANNS engines have emerged to seamlessly integrate with popular…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Mugeng Liu , Siqi Zhong , Qi Yang , Yudong Han , Xuanzhe Liu , Yun Ma

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) plays an indispensable role in a wide variety of applications, including recommendation systems, information retrieval, and semantic search. Among the cutting-edge ANNS algorithms, graph-based…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Weihong Xu , Junwei Chen , Po-Kai Hsu , Jaeyoung Kang , Minxuan Zhou , Sumukh Pinge , Shimeng Yu , Tajana Rosing

This work addresses the problem of billion-scale nearest neighbor search. The state-of-the-art retrieval systems for billion-scale databases are currently based on the inverted multi-index, the recently proposed generalization of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Dmitry Baranchuk , Artem Babenko , Yury Malkov

We present a novel search optimization solution for approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search on resource-constrained edge devices. Traditional ANN approaches fall short in meeting the specific demands of real-world scenarios, e.g., skewed…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Jianwei Zhang , Helian Feng , Xin He , Grant P. Strimel , Farhad Ghassemi , Ali Kebarighotbi

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) uses vector databases to expand the expertise of an LLM model without having to retrain it. The idea can be applied over data lakes, leading to the notion of embedding data lakes, i.e., a pool of vector…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Vasilis Mageirakos , Bowen Wu , Gustavo Alonso

Managing large-scale vector datasets with disk-resident graph approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) systems incurs substantial storage overhead due to the co-location of vector data and auxiliary index metadata, which prevents the…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Yuanming Ren , Juncheng Zhang , Yanjing Ren , Rui Yang , Di Wu , Patrick P. C. Lee

Existing approximate nearest neighbor search systems suffer from two fundamental problems that are of practical importance but have not received sufficient attention from the research community. First, although existing systems perform well…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Yusuke Matsui , Ryota Hinami , Shin'ichi Satoh