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The in-memory algorithms for approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) have achieved great success for fast high-recall search, but are extremely expensive when handling very large scale database. Thus, there is an increasing request for…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Qi Chen , Bing Zhao , Haidong Wang , Mingqin Li , Chuanjie Liu , Zengzhong Li , Mao Yang , Jingdong Wang

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) underpins modern applications such as information retrieval and recommendation. With the rapid growth of vector data, efficient indexing for real-time vector search has become rudimentary. Existing…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Yuchen Peng , Dingyu Yang , Zhongle Xie , Ji Sun , Lidan Shou , Ke Chen , Gang Chen

Indices for approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) are a basic component for information retrieval and widely used in database, search, recommendation and RAG systems. In these scenarios, documents or other objects are inserted into and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Haike Xu , Magdalen Dobson Manohar , Philip A. Bernstein , Badrish Chandramouli , Richard Wen , Harsha Vardhan Simhadri

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS), as the core of vector databases (VectorDBs), has become widely used in modern AI and ML systems, powering applications from information retrieval to bio-informatics. While graph-based ANNS methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Dingyi Kang , Dongming Jiang , Hanshen Yang , Hang Liu , Bingzhe Li

In high-dimensional vector spaces, Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is a key component in database and artificial intelligence infrastructures. Graph-based methods, particularly HNSW, have emerged as leading solutions among…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Mengzhao Wang , Haotian Wu , Xiangyu Ke , Yunjun Gao , Yifan Zhu , Wenchao Zhou

Sparse embeddings of data form an attractive class due to their inherent interpretability: Every dimension is tied to a term in some vocabulary, making it easy to visually decipher the latent space. Sparsity, however, poses unique…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Sebastian Bruch , Franco Maria Nardini , Cosimo Rulli , Rossano Venturini

Vector databases have become a cornerstone of modern information retrieval, powering applications in recommendation, search, and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) pipelines. However, scaling approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search to…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Anıl Eren Göçer , Ioanna Tsakalidou , Hamish Nicholson , Kyoungmin Kim , Anastasia Ailamaki

Embedding-based dense retrieval has become the cornerstone of many critical applications, where approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) queries are often combined with filters on labels such as dates and price ranges. Graph-based indexes…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yicheng Jin , Yongji Wu , Wenjun Hu , Bruce M. Maggs , Jun Yang , Xiao Zhang , Danyang Zhuo

Approximate Nearest Neighbor search is one of the keys to high-scale data retrieval performance in many applications. The work is a bridge between feature extraction and ANN indexing through fine-tuning a ResNet50 model with various ANN…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 MD Shaikh Rahman , Syed Maudud E Rabbi , Muhammad Mahbubur Rashid

Approximate Nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is fundamental and essential operation in applications from many domains, such as databases, machine learning, multimedia, and computer vision. Although many algorithms have been continuously…

Databases · Computer Science 2016-10-11 Wen Li , Ying Zhang , Yifang Sun , Wei Wang , Wenjie Zhang , Xuemin Lin

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) has emerged as a crucial component of database and AI infrastructure. Ever-increasing vector datasets pose significant challenges in terms of performance, cost, and accuracy for ANNS services. None…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Bing Tian , Haikun Liu , Yuhang Tang , Shihai Xiao , Zhuohui Duan , Xiaofei Liao , Xuecang Zhang , Junhua Zhu , Yu Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) applications increasingly rely on Filtered Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (FANNS) to combine semantic retrieval with metadata constraints. While algorithmic innovations for FANNS have been proposed,…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Abylay Amanbayev , Brian Tsan , Tri Dang , Florin Rusu

Filtered approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) restricts the search to data objects whose attributes satisfy a given filter and retrieves the top-$K$ objects that are most semantically similar to the query object. Many graph-based ANNS…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Tianming Wu , Dixin Tang

Modern retrieval systems increasingly require integrating approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) with complex attribute filtering to handle hybrid queries in applications such as recommendation systems and retrieval-augmented generation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Junjie Song , Yu Liu , Guoyu Hu , Zhongle Xie , Ming Yang , Beng Chin Ooi , Ke Zhou

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is a crucial operation in databases and artificial intelligence. While graph-based ANNS methods like HNSW and NSG excel in performance, they assume uniform query distribution. However, in…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yifan Zhu , Ruijie Zhao , Zhonggen Li , Baihua Zheng , Zhikun Zhang , Zhaoqiang Chen , Congcong Ge

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is a fundamental problem in vector databases and AI infrastructures. Recent graph-based ANNS algorithms have achieved high search accuracy with practical efficiency. Despite the advancements, these…

Approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search is a key component in many modern machine learning pipelines; recent use cases include retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and vector databases. Clustering-based ANN algorithms, that use score…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Elias Jääsaari , Ville Hyvönen , Teemu Roos

Billion-scale high-dimensional approximate nearest neighbour (ANN) search has become an important problem for searching similar objects among the vast amount of images and videos available online. The existing ANN methods are usually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Wei Chen , Jincai Chen , Fuhao Zou , Yuan-Fang Li , Ping Lu , Qiang Wang , Wei Zhao

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) in high dimensional spaces is crucial for many real-life applications (e.g., e-commerce, web, multimedia, etc.) dealing with an abundance of data. This paper proposes an end-to-end learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Abrar Fahim , Mohammed Eunus Ali , Muhammad Aamir Cheema

On-disk graph-based vector search (GVS) has become the dominant approach for serving large-scale vector databases at high recall, but prior systems struggle to sustain concurrent search and update throughput on high-dimensional workloads.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Jaeyong Song , Hongsun Jang , Changmin Shin , Seongyeon Park , Yong Jae Ryoo , Seo Jin Park , Jinho Lee