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State-space models (SSMs) are a highly expressive model class for learning patterns in time series data and for system identification. Deterministic versions of SSMs (e.g. LSTMs) proved extremely successful in modeling complex time series…

State Space Models (SSMs) have emerged as an appealing alternative to Transformers for large language models, achieving state-of-the-art accuracy with constant memory complexity which allows for holding longer context lengths than…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Hung-Yueh Chiang , Chi-Chih Chang , Natalia Frumkin , Kai-Chiang Wu , Diana Marculescu

State Space Models (SSMs), developed to tackle long sequence modeling tasks efficiently, offer both parallelizable training and fast inference. At their core are recurrent dynamical systems that maintain a hidden state, with update costs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Makram Chahine , Philipp Nazari , Daniela Rus , T. Konstantin Rusch

State Space Models (SSMs) have emerged as a potent tool in sequence modeling tasks in recent years. These models approximate continuous systems using a set of basis functions and discretize them to handle input data, making them well-suited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Jiaxi Hu , Disen Lan , Ziyu Zhou , Qingsong Wen , Yuxuan Liang

State Space Models (SSMs) are emerging as a compelling alternative to Transformers because of their consistent memory usage and high performance. Despite this, scaling up SSMs on cloud services or limited-resource devices is challenging due…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Hung-Yueh Chiang , Chi-Chih Chang , Natalia Frumkin , Kai-Chiang Wu , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah , Diana Marculescu

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) take inspiration from the brain to enable energy-efficient computations. Since the advent of Transformers, SNNs have struggled to compete with artificial networks on modern sequential tasks, as they inherit…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Matei Ioan Stan , Oliver Rhodes

Recent advances in efficient sequence modeling have introduced selective state-space layers, a key component of the Mamba architecture, which have demonstrated remarkable success in a wide range of NLP and vision tasks. While Mamba's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Edo Cohen-Karlik , Itamar Zimerman , Liane Galanti , Ido Atad , Amir Globerson , Lior Wolf

State Space Models (SSMs) have become serious contenders in the field of sequential modeling, challenging the dominance of Transformers. At the same time, Mixture of Experts (MoE) has significantly improved Transformer-based Large Language…

Recently, state space models (SSM), particularly Mamba, have attracted significant attention from scholars due to their ability to effectively balance computational efficiency and performance. However, most existing visual Mamba methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Leiye Liu , Miao Zhang , Jihao Yin , Tingwei Liu , Wei Ji , Yongri Piao , Huchuan Lu

Transformers dominate NLP and IR; but their inference inefficiencies and challenges in extrapolating to longer contexts have sparked interest in alternative model architectures. Among these, state space models (SSMs) like Mamba offer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Zhichao Xu , Jinghua Yan , Ashim Gupta , Vivek Srikumar

This work explores the in-context learning capabilities of State Space Models (SSMs) and presents, to the best of our knowledge, the first theoretical explanation of a possible underlying mechanism. We introduce a novel weight construction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Federico Arangath Joseph , Kilian Konstantin Haefeli , Noah Liniger , Caglar Gulcehre

State-space models (SSMs) have recently shown promise in capturing long-range dependencies with subquadratic computational complexity, making them attractive for various applications. However, purely SSM-based models face critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Abdelrahman Shaker , Syed Talal Wasim , Salman Khan , Juergen Gall , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

State-space models (SSMs) have emerged as a powerful foundation for long-range sequence modeling, with the HiPPO framework showing that continuous-time projection operators can be used to derive stable, memory-efficient dynamical systems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Ruben Solozabal , Velibor Bojkovic , Hilal Alquabeh , Klea Ziu , Kentaro Inui , Martin Takac

Linear time-invariant state space models (SSM) are a classical model from engineering and statistics, that have recently been shown to be very promising in machine learning through the Structured State Space sequence model (S4). A core…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Albert Gu , Isys Johnson , Aman Timalsina , Atri Rudra , Christopher Ré

This project focuses on optimizing input parameters of a partial derivative function of a fine model using Neural network-based Space Mapping Optimization (SMO). The fine model is known for its high accuracy but is computationally…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Dhruvil Kamleshkumar Kotecha

Linear recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and state-space models (SSMs) such as Mamba have become promising alternatives to softmax-attention as sequence mixing layers in Transformer architectures. Current models, however, do not exhibit the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Sajad Movahedi , Felix Sarnthein , Nicola Muca Cirone , Antonio Orvieto

As one of the most representative DL techniques, Transformer architecture has empowered numerous advanced models, especially the large language models (LLMs) that comprise billions of parameters, becoming a cornerstone in deep learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Haohao Qu , Liangbo Ning , Rui An , Wenqi Fan , Tyler Derr , Hui Liu , Xin Xu , Qing Li

State Space Models (SSMs), as key components of Mamaba, have gained increasing attention for vision models recently, thanks to their efficient long sequence modeling capability. Given the computational cost of deploying SSMs on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Yinglong Li , Xiaoyu Liu , Jiacheng Li , Ruikang Xu , Yinda Chen , Zhiwei Xiong

In the post-deep learning era, the Transformer architecture has demonstrated its powerful performance across pre-trained big models and various downstream tasks. However, the enormous computational demands of this architecture have deterred…

Efficiently modeling large 2D contexts is essential for various fields including Giga-Pixel Whole Slide Imaging (WSI) and remote sensing. Transformer-based models offer high parallelism but face challenges due to their quadratic complexity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Jingwei Zhang , Anh Tien Nguyen , Xi Han , Vincent Quoc-Huy Trinh , Hong Qin , Dimitris Samaras , Mahdi S. Hosseini