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A generalized spiked Fisher matrix is considered in this paper. We establish a criterion for the description of the support of the limiting spectral distribution of high-dimensional generalized Fisher matrix and study the almost sure limits…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-12-09 Dandan Jiang , Jiang Hu , Zhiqiang Hou

We study principal components analyses in multivariate random and mixed effects linear models, assuming a spherical-plus-spikes structure for the covariance matrix of each random effect. We characterize the behavior of outlier sample…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-26 Zhou Fan , Iain M. Johnstone , Yi Sun

Deep learning methods operate in regimes that defy the traditional statistical mindset. Neural network architectures often contain more parameters than training samples, and are so rich that they can interpolate the observed labels, even if…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-12-14 Song Mei , Andrea Montanari

Distributed learning provides an attractive framework for scaling the learning task by sharing the computational load over multiple nodes in a network. Here, we investigate the performance of distributed learning for large-scale linear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-03 Martin Hellkvist , Ayça Özçelikkale , Anders Ahlén

In this note, we establish an asymptotic expansion for the centering parameter appearing in the central limit theorems for linear spectral statistic of large-dimensional sample covariance matrices when the population has a spiked covariance…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-07-08 Qinwen Wang , Jack W. Silverstein , Jianfeng Yao

Understanding the generalization properties of neural networks on simple input-output distributions is key to explaining their performance on real datasets. The classical teacher-student setting, where a network is trained on data generated…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-03-26 Rodrigo Pérez Ortiz , Gibbs Nwemadji , Jean Barbier , Federica Gerace , Alessandro Ingrosso , Clarissa Lauditi , Enrico M. Malatesta

In this article, the joint fluctuations of the extreme eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a large dimensional sample covariance matrix are analyzed when the associated population covariance matrix is a finite-rank perturbation of the identity…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-06-20 Romain Couillet , Walid Hachem

Large-margin classifiers are popular methods for classification. We derive the asymptotic expression for the generalization error of a family of large-margin classifiers in the limit of both sample size $n$ and dimension $p$ going to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-02 Hanwen Huang , Qinglong Yang

This manuscript presents an approach to perform generalized linear regression with multiple high dimensional covariance matrices as the outcome. Model parameters are proposed to be estimated by maximizing a pseudo-likelihood. When the data…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-28 Yi Zhao , Brian S. Caffo , Xi Luo

We first study the generalization error of models that use a fixed feature representation (frozen intermediate layers) followed by a trainable readout layer. This setting encompasses a range of architectures, from deep random-feature models…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-10 Yessin Moakher , Malik Tiomoko , Cosme Louart , Zhenyu Liao

Doubly stochastic learning algorithms are scalable kernel methods that perform very well in practice. However, their generalization properties are not well understood and their analysis is challenging since the corresponding learning…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-12 Junhong Lin , Lorenzo Rosasco

The spiked covariance model has gained increasing popularity in high-dimensional data analysis. A fundamental problem is determination of the number of spiked eigenvalues, $K$. For estimation of $K$, most attention has focused on the use of…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-07 Zheng Tracy Ke , Yucong Ma , Xihong Lin

Using a low-dimensional parametrization of signals is a generic and powerful way to enhance performance in signal processing and statistical inference. A very popular and widely explored type of dimensionality reduction is sparsity; another…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-02 Benjamin Aubin , Bruno Loureiro , Antoine Maillard , Florent Krzakala , Lenka Zdeborová

The asymptotically precise estimation of the generalization of kernel methods has recently received attention due to the parallels between neural networks and their associated kernels. However, prior works derive such estimates for training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Maksim Velikanov , Maxim Panov , Dmitry Yarotsky

Efficient schemes for sampling from the eigenvalues of the Wishart distribution have recently been described for both the uncorrelated central case (where the covariance matrix is $\mathbf{I}$) and the spiked Wishart with a single spike…

Computation · Statistics 2024-10-10 Thomas G. Brooks

This paper investigates the asymptotics of eigenstructure of sample covariance matrix under the spiked covariance matrix model in ultra-high-dimensional settings, where the dimensionality can grow much faster than the sample size with $ p…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-30 Wonjun Seo

Recent numerical experiments have demonstrated that the choice of optimization geometry used during training can impact generalization performance when learning expressive nonlinear model classes such as deep neural networks. These…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Nicholas M. Boffi , Stephen Tu , Jean-Jacques E. Slotine

Over-parameterization and adaptive methods have played a crucial role in the success of deep learning in the last decade. The widespread use of over-parameterization has forced us to rethink generalization by bringing forth new phenomena,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-01 Vatsal Shah , Soumya Basu , Anastasios Kyrillidis , Sujay Sanghavi

This paper analyzes the convergence and generalization of training a one-hidden-layer neural network when the input features follow the Gaussian mixture model consisting of a finite number of Gaussian distributions. Assuming the labels are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Hongkang Li , Shuai Zhang , Meng Wang

Understanding how feature learning affects generalization is among the foremost goals of modern deep learning theory. Here, we study how the ability to learn representations affects the generalization performance of a simple class of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Jacob A. Zavatone-Veth , William L. Tong , Cengiz Pehlevan