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Tokenizer is a crucial component for both visual understanding and generation. To advance toward the ultimate goal of universal modeling, recent research has focused on developing a unified tokenizer. However, existing tokenizers face a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zhengrong Yue , Haiyu Zhang , Xiangyu Zeng , Boyu Chen , Chenting Wang , Shaobin Zhuang , Lu Dong , Yi Wang , Limin Wang , Yali Wang

Unified multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs) that can both understand and generate visual content hold immense potential. However, existing open-source models often suffer from a performance trade-off between these capabilities. We…

We present NextFlow, a unified decoder-only autoregressive transformer trained on 6 trillion interleaved text-image discrete tokens. By leveraging a unified vision representation within a unified autoregressive architecture, NextFlow…

Multimodal learning has demonstrated remarkable performance improvements over unimodal architectures. However, multimodal learning methods often exhibit deteriorated performances if one or more modalities are missing. This may be attributed…

Recent unified models integrate multimodal understanding and generation within a single framework. However, an "understanding-generation gap" persists, where models can capture user intent but often fail to translate this semantic knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Qingyang Liu , Bingjie Gao , Canmiao Fu , Zhipeng Huang , Chen Li , Feng Wang , Shuochen Chang , Shaobo Wang , Yali Wang , Keming Ye , Jiangtong Li , Li Niu

The long-standing goal of multimodal AI is to build unified models in which visual understanding and visual generation mutually enhance one another. Despite recent works such as BAGEL, BLIP3o achieves remarkable progress; In practice,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Yujun Tong , Dongliang Chang , Zijin Yin , Xintong Liu , Yuanchen Fang , Zhanyu Ma

Recent large vision-language models (VLMs) remain fundamentally constrained by a persistent dichotomy: understanding and generation are treated as distinct problems, leading to fragmented architectures, cascaded pipelines, and misaligned…

Mutual understanding between driver and vehicle is critically important to the design of intelligent vehicles and customized interaction interface. In this study, a unified driver behavior reasoning system toward multi-scale and multi-tasks…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-23 Yang Xing , Chen Lv , Dongpu Cao , Efstathios Velenis

Notable breakthroughs in unified understanding and generation modeling have led to remarkable advancements in image understanding, reasoning, production and editing, yet current foundational models predominantly focus on processing images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Zhiyu Tan , Hao Yang , Luozheng Qin , Jia Gong , Mengping Yang , Hao Li

With the advancement of language models, unified multimodal understanding and generation have made significant strides, with model architectures evolving from separated components to unified single-model frameworks. This paper explores an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yicheng Xiao , Lin Song , Rui Yang , Cheng Cheng , Zunnan Xu , Zhaoyang Zhang , Yixiao Ge , Xiu Li , Ying Shan

This paper presents a family of advanced vision encoder, named OpenVision 3, that learns a single, unified visual representation that can serve both image understanding and image generation. Our core architecture is simple: we feed…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-16 Letian Zhang , Sucheng Ren , Yanqing Liu , Xianhang Li , Zeyu Wang , Yuyin Zhou , Huaxiu Yao , Zeyu Zheng , Weili Nie , Guilin Liu , Zhiding Yu , Cihang Xie

Current large vision-language models (LVLMs) typically employ a connector module to link visual features with text embeddings of large language models (LLMs) and use end-to-end training to achieve multi-modal understanding in a unified…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Zixian Guo , Ming Liu , Qilong Wang , Zhilong Ji , Jinfeng Bai , Lei Zhang , Wangmeng Zuo

Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have enabled unified understanding across text and images, yet equipping these models with robust image generation capabilities remains challenging. Existing approaches often rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Xiangyi Chen , Théophane Vallaeys , Maha Elbayad , John Nguyen , Jakob Verbeek

Decoding human visual neural representations is a challenging task with great scientific significance in revealing vision-processing mechanisms and developing brain-like intelligent machines. Most existing methods are difficult to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Changde Du , Kaicheng Fu , Jinpeng Li , Huiguang He

Emotional understanding and generation are often treated as separate tasks, yet they are inherently complementary and can mutually enhance each other. In this paper, we propose the UniEmo, a unified framework that seamlessly integrates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Yijie Zhu , Lingsen Zhang , Zitong Yu , Rui Shao , Tao Tan , Liqiang Nie

Cross-modal alignment Learning integrates information from different modalities like text, image, audio and video to create unified models. This approach develops shared representations and learns correlations between modalities, enabling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Bilal Faye , Hanane Azzag , Mustapha Lebbah

Recent advancements in multimodal foundation models have yielded significant progress in vision-language understanding. Initial attempts have also explored the potential of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) for visual content…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Rongyao Fang , Chengqi Duan , Kun Wang , Hao Li , Hao Tian , Xingyu Zeng , Rui Zhao , Jifeng Dai , Hongsheng Li , Xihui Liu

Unified multimodal models have recently attracted considerable attention for their remarkable abilities in jointly understanding and generating diverse content. However, as contexts integrate increasingly numerous interleaved multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yanzuo Lu , Xin Xia , Manlin Zhang , Huafeng Kuang , Jianbin Zheng , Yuxi Ren , Xuefeng Xiao

Native unified multimodal models, which integrate both generative and understanding capabilities, face substantial computational overhead that hinders their real-world deployment. Existing acceleration techniques typically employ a static,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Junlong Ke , Zichen Wen , Boxue Yang , Yantai Yang , Xuyang Liu , Chenfei Liao , Zhaorun Chen , Shaobo Wang , Linfeng Zhang

Currently, vision encoder models like Vision Transformers (ViTs) typically excel at image recognition tasks but cannot simultaneously support text recognition like human visual recognition. To address this limitation, we propose UNIT, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Yi Zhu , Yanpeng Zhou , Chunwei Wang , Yang Cao , Jianhua Han , Lu Hou , Hang Xu