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Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems frequently use a search-based decoding strategy aiming to find the best attainable transcript by considering multiple candidates. One prominent speech recognition decoding heuristic is beam search,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Tomer Wullach , Shlomo E. Chazan

The residual vector quantization (RVQ) technique plays a central role in recent advances in neural audio codecs. These models effectively synthesize high-fidelity audio from a limited number of codes due to the hierarchical structure among…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Hyeongju Kim , Junhyeok Lee , Jacob Morton , Juheon Lee , Jinhyeok Yang

Existing time series tokenization methods predominantly encode a constant number of samples into individual tokens. This inflexible approach can generate excessive tokens for even simple patterns like extended constant values, resulting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Leon Götz , Marcel Kollovieh , Stephan Günnemann , Leo Schwinn

Tokenization plays a critical role in language modeling, yet existing approaches such as Byte-Pair Encoding (BPE) or WordPiece operate purely on frequency statistics, ignoring the underlying semantic structure of text. This leads to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Dong Liu , Yanxuan Yu

Speculative decoding has been widely used to accelerate auto-regressive (AR) text generation. However, its effectiveness for visual AR models remains limited due to token selection ambiguity, where multiple tokens share similarly low…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Sihwan Park , Doohyuk Jang , Sungyub Kim , Souvik Kundu , Eunho Yang

This paper introduces Multimodal Speculative Decoding (MSD) to accelerate Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) inference. Speculative decoding has been shown to accelerate Large Language Models (LLMs) without sacrificing accuracy.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Luxi Lin , Zhihang Lin , Zhanpeng Zeng , Rongrong Ji

When the amount of parallel sentences available to train a neural machine translation is scarce, a common practice is to generate new synthetic training samples from them. A number of approaches have been proposed to produce synthetic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Víctor M. Sánchez-Cartagena , Miquel Esplà-Gomis , Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz , Felipe Sánchez-Martínez

Neural speech coding is a rapidly developing topic, where state-of-the-art approaches now exhibit superior compression performance than conventional methods. Despite significant progress, existing methods still have limitations in…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Youqiang Zheng , Weiping Tu , Li Xiao , Xinmeng Xu

Neural audio codecs are at the core of modern conversational speech technologies, converting continuous speech into sequences of discrete tokens that can be processed by LLMs. However, existing codecs typically operate at fixed frame rates,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Luca Della Libera , Cem Subakan , Mirco Ravanelli

The text-based speech editor allows the editing of speech through intuitive cutting, copying, and pasting operations to speed up the process of editing speech. However, the major drawback of current systems is that edited speech often…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Tao Wang , Jiangyan Yi , Ruibo Fu , Jianhua Tao , Zhengqi Wen

Speculative decoding accelerates large language model inference by using smaller draft models to generate candidate tokens for parallel verification. However, current approaches are limited by sequential stage dependencies that prevent full…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Bradley McDanel , Sai Qian Zhang , Yunhai Hu , Zining Liu

Although recent neural text-to-speech (TTS) systems have achieved high-quality speech synthesis, there are cases where a TTS system generates low-quality speech, mainly caused by limited training data or information loss during knowledge…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-26 Yeunju Choi , Youngmoon Jung , Youngjoo Suh , Hoirin Kim

Multi-token prediction (MTP) is a prominent strategy to significantly speed up generation in large language models (LLMs), including byte-level LLMs, which are tokeniser-free but prohibitively slow. However, existing MTP methods often…

The end-to-end speech synthesis model can directly take an utterance as reference audio, and generate speech from the text with prosody and speaker characteristics similar to the reference audio. However, an appropriate acoustic embedding…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Cheng Gong , Longbiao Wang , Zhenhua Ling , Ju Zhang , Jianwu Dang

The growing gap between the increasing complexity of large language models (LLMs) and the limited computational budgets of edge devices poses a key challenge for efficient on-device inference, despite gradual improvements in hardware…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Xiangchen Li , Dimitrios Spatharakis , Saeid Ghafouri , Jiakun Fan , Hans Vandierendonck , Deepu John , Bo Ji , Dimitrios Nikolopoulos

This paper presents our latest investigations on improving automatic speech recognition for noisy speech via speech enhancement. We propose a novel method named Multi-discriminators CycleGAN to reduce noise of input speech and therefore…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Chia-Yu Li , Ngoc Thang Vu

A streaming style inference of encoder-decoder automatic speech recognition (ASR) system is important for reducing latency, which is essential for interactive use cases. To this end, we propose a novel blockwise synchronous decoding…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-26 Emiru Tsunoo , Chaitanya Narisetty , Michael Hentschel , Yosuke Kashiwagi , Shinji Watanabe

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have driven significant progress in zero-shot text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis. However, existing foundation models rely on multi-stage processing or complex architectures for predicting…

Text-to-speech (TTS) methods have shown promising results in voice cloning, but they require a large number of labeled text-speech pairs. Minimally-supervised speech synthesis decouples TTS by combining two types of discrete speech…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Chunyu Qiang , Hao Li , Yixin Tian , Yi Zhao , Ying Zhang , Longbiao Wang , Jianwu Dang

Speculative decoding (SD) accelerates language model inference by drafting tokens from a cheap proposal model and verifying them against an expensive target model via rejection sampling. Because rejection truncates the draft block at the…

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