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In the medium term, quantum computing must tackle two key challenges: fault tolerance and security. Fault tolerance will be solved with sufficiently high quality experiments on large numbers of qubits, but the scale and complexity of these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-11 Ethan Davies , Alastair Kay

Achieving reliable performance on early fault-tolerant quantum hardware will depend on protocols that manage noise without incurring prohibitive overhead. We propose a novel framework that integrates quantum computation with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 IlKwon Sohn , Changyeol Lee , Wooyeong Song , Kwangil Bae , Wonhyuk Lee

Topological quantum computing has recently proven itself to be a powerful computational model when constructing viable architectures for large scale computation. The topological model is constructed from the foundation of a error correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-24 Simon J. Devitt , Kae Nemoto

qPCF is a paradigmatic quantum programming language that ex- tends PCF with quantum circuits and a quantum co-processor. Quantum circuits are treated as classical data that can be duplicated and manipulated in flexible ways by means of a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Luca Paolini , Mauro Piccolo , Margherita Zorzi

The scalability of quantum computing is constrained by the physical and architectural limitations of monolithic quantum processors. Modular multi-core quantum architectures, which interconnect multiple quantum cores (QCs) via classical and…

A quantum computer promises efficient processing of certain computational tasks that are intractable with classical computer technology. While basic principles of a quantum computer have been demonstrated in the laboratory, scalability of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert Raussendorf , Hans J. Briegel

It is becoming increasingly clear that, if a useful device for quantum computation will ever be built, it will be embodied by a classical computing machine with control over a truly quantum subsystem, this apparatus performing a mixture of…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2009-11-07 S. Bettelli , L. Serafini , T. Calarco

Quantum computing relies on processing information within a quantum system with many continuous degrees of freedom. The practical implementation of this idea requires complete control over all of the 2^n independent amplitudes of a…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 M. I. Dyakonov

Simulation of quantum systems that provide intrinsically fault-tolerant quantum computation is shown to preserve fault tolerance. Errors committed in the course of simulation are eliminated by the natural error-correcting features of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Seth Lloyd , Benjamin Rahn , Charlene Ahn

As far as we know, a useful quantum computer will require fault-tolerant gates, and existing schemes demand a prohibitively large space and time overhead. We argue that a first generation quantum computer will be very valuable to design,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-15 Pavithran S. Iyer , David Poulin

Quantum computation and communication are important branches of quantum information science. However, noise in realistic quantum devices fundamentally limits the utility of these quantum technologies. A conventional approach towards…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-18 Kyungjoo Noh

In theory, quantum computers can efficiently simulate quantum physics, factor large numbers and estimate integrals, thus solving otherwise intractable computational problems. In practice, quantum computers must operate with noisy devices…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 E. Knill

The unique features of quantum theory offer a powerful new paradigm for information processing. Translating these mathematical abstractions into useful algorithms and applications requires quantum systems with significant complexity and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-13 Atharv Joshi , Kyungjoo Noh , Yvonne Y. Gao

Quantum computers promise to efficiently solve not only problems believed to be intractable for classical computers, but also problems for which verifying the solution is also considered intractable. This raises the question of how one can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-10 Alexandru Gheorghiu , Theodoros Kapourniotis , Elham Kashefi

Quantum computing leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to perform computations far beyond the capabilities of classical systems, particularly in fields such as cryptography and optimization. However, current quantum programming…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Simone Faro , Francesco Pio Marino , Gabriele Messina

We present an architecture of QCPU(Quantum Central Processing Unit), based on the discrete quantum gate set, that can be programmed to approximate any n-qubit computation in a deterministic fashion. It can be built efficiently to implement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Fei Xue , Zeng-Bing Chen , Mingjun Shi , Xianyi Zhou , Jiangfeng Du , Rongdian Han

Implementing a qubit quantum computer in continuous-variable systems conventionally requires the engineering of specific interactions according to the encoding basis states. In this work, we present a unified formalism to conduct universal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-06 Hoi-Kwan Lau , Martin B. Plenio

Scaling bottlenecks the making of digital quantum computers, posing challenges from both the quantum and the classical components. We present a classical architecture to cope with a comprehensive list of the latter challenges {\em all at…

The goal of future quantum networks is to enable new internet applications that are impossible to achieve using solely classical communication. Up to now, demonstrations of quantum network applications and functionalities on quantum…

Quantum computing promises to revolutionize several scientific and technological domains through fundamentally new ways of processing information. Among its most compelling applications is digital quantum simulation, where quantum computers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-05 Laurin E. Fischer