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Planning for both immediate and long-term benefits becomes increasingly important in recommendation. Existing methods apply Reinforcement Learning (RL) to learn planning capacity by maximizing cumulative reward for long-term recommendation.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Wentao Shi , Xiangnan He , Yang Zhang , Chongming Gao , Xinyue Li , Jizhi Zhang , Qifan Wang , Fuli Feng

Data augmentation is an effective and universal technique for improving generalization performance of deep neural networks. It could enrich diversity of training samples that is essential in medical image segmentation tasks because 1) the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-29 Ju Xu , Mengzhang Li , Zhanxing Zhu

Despite the impressive capabilities of large language models (LLMs), their performance on information extraction tasks is still not entirely satisfactory. However, their remarkable rewriting capabilities and extensive world knowledge offer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Junjie Ye , Nuo Xu , Yikun Wang , Jie Zhou , Qi Zhang , Tao Gui , Xuanjing Huang

In this paper, we introduce a novel learning paradigm for Adaptive Large Language Model (LLM) agents that eliminates the need for fine-tuning the underlying LLMs. Existing approaches are often either rigid, relying on static, handcrafted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Huichi Zhou , Yihang Chen , Siyuan Guo , Xue Yan , Kin Hei Lee , Zihan Wang , Ka Yiu Lee , Guchun Zhang , Kun Shao , Linyi Yang , Jun Wang

The sequential recommendation problem has attracted considerable research attention in the past few years, leading to the rise of numerous recommendation models. In this work, we explore how Large Language Models (LLMs), which are nowadays…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Artun Boz , Wouter Zorgdrager , Zoe Kotti , Jesse Harte , Panos Louridas , Dietmar Jannach , Vassilios Karakoidas , Marios Fragkoulis

Data augmentation methods are indispensable heuristics to boost the performance of deep neural networks, especially in image recognition tasks. Recently, several studies have shown that augmentation strategies found by search algorithms…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Ryuichiro Hataya , Jan Zdenek , Kazuki Yoshizoe , Hideki Nakayama

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various domains, motivating researchers to investigate their potential use in recommendation systems. However, directly applying LLMs to recommendation tasks has…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Zhuoxi Bai , Ning Wu , Fengyu Cai , Xinyi Zhu , Yun Xiong

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown great advances in a variety of tasks, including natural language understanding and generation. However, their use in high-stakes decision-making scenarios is still limited due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Jiefeng Chen , Jinsung Yoon , Sayna Ebrahimi , Sercan O Arik , Tomas Pfister , Somesh Jha

This report examines the fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs), integrating theoretical insights with practical applications. It outlines the historical evolution of LLMs from traditional Natural Language Processing (NLP) models to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Venkatesh Balavadhani Parthasarathy , Ahtsham Zafar , Aafaq Khan , Arsalan Shahid

Though data augmentation has become a standard component of deep neural network training, the underlying mechanism behind the effectiveness of these techniques remains poorly understood. In practice, augmentation policies are often chosen…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Raphael Gontijo-Lopes , Sylvia J. Smullin , Ekin D. Cubuk , Ethan Dyer

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit world knowledge and inference capabilities, making them powerful tools for various applications. This paper proposes a feedback loop mechanism that leverages these capabilities to tune Evolution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Oliver Kramer

In supervised machine learning (SML) research, large training datasets are essential for valid results. However, obtaining primary data in learning analytics (LA) is challenging. Data augmentation can address this by expanding and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Valdemar Švábenský , Conrad Borchers , Elizabeth B. Cloude , Atsushi Shimada

We introduce Language Feedback Models (LFMs) that identify desirable behaviour - actions that help achieve tasks specified in the instruction - for imitation learning in instruction following. To train LFMs, we obtain feedback from Large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Victor Zhong , Dipendra Misra , Xingdi Yuan , Marc-Alexandre Côté

We study the problem of computing an optimal large language model (LLM) policy for the constrained alignment problem, where the goal is to maximize a primary reward objective while satisfying constraints on secondary utilities. Despite the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Botong Zhang , Shuo Li , Ignacio Hounie , Osbert Bastani , Dongsheng Ding , Alejandro Ribeiro

Feature transformation aims to reconstruct the feature space of raw features to enhance the performance of downstream models. However, the exponential growth in the combinations of features and operations poses a challenge, making it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Nanxu Gong , Chandan K. Reddy , Wangyang Ying , Haifeng Chen , Yanjie Fu

LLM alignment ensures that large language models behave safely and effectively by aligning their outputs with human values, goals, and intentions. Aligning LLMs employ huge amounts of data, computation, and time. Moreover, curating data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Amrit Khera , Rajat Ghosh , Debojyoti Dutta

It is no secret amongst deep learning researchers that finding the optimal data augmentation strategy during training can mean the difference between state-of-the-art performance and a run-of-the-mill result. To that end, the community has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Xiaomeng Dong , Michael Potter , Gaurav Kumar , Yun-Chan Tsai , V. Ratna Saripalli , Theodore Trafalis

Prompt engineering, as an efficient and effective way to leverage Large Language Models (LLM), has drawn a lot of attention from the research community. The existing research primarily emphasizes the importance of adapting prompts to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Yuyan Chen , Zhihao Wen , Ge Fan , Zhengyu Chen , Wei Wu , Dayiheng Liu , Zhixu Li , Bang Liu , Yanghua Xiao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning capabilities across various tasks. However, even minor variations in query phrasing, despite preserving the underlying semantic meaning, can significantly affect their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Yihang Yao , Zhepeng Cen , Miao Li , William Han , Yuyou Zhang , Emerson Liu , Zuxin Liu , Chuang Gan , Ding Zhao

Pre-trained large language models (LLM) have emerged as a powerful tool for simulating various scenarios and generating output given specific instructions and multimodal input. In this work, we analyze the specific use of LLM to enhance a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Yuhang Wu , Yingfei Wang , Chu Wang , Zeyu Zheng