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We show that every $K_4$-free graph on $n$ vertices can be made balanced bipartite by removing at most $\frac{n^2}{9}$ edges. This proves a conjecture of Balogh, Clemen, and Lidick\'{y}, and generalizes both Sudakov's result on the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-08 József Balogh , Ignacy Buczek , Andrzej Grzesik , Piotr Kuc

We introduce a notion of bipartite minors and prove a bipartite analog of Wagner's theorem: a bipartite graph is planar if and only if it does not contain $K_{3,3}$ as a bipartite minor. Similarly, we provide a forbidden minor…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-03 Maria Chudnovsky , Gil Kalai , Eran Nevo , Isabella Novik , Paul Seymour

We consider the minimum spanning tree problem on a weighted complete bipartite graph $K_{n_R, n_B}$ whose $n=n_R+n_B$ vertices are random, i.i.d. uniformly distributed points in the unit cube in $d$ dimensions and edge weights are the…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Mario Correddu , Dario Trevisan

Let $i_t(G)$ denote the number of independent sets of size $t$ in a graph $G$. Levit and Mandrescu have conjectured that for all bipartite $G$ the sequence $(i_t(G))_{t \geq 0}$ (the {\em independent set sequence} of $G$) is unimodal. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-15 David Galvin

We prove that, for all $\ell$ and $s$, every graph of sufficiently large tree-width contains either a complete bipartite graph $K_{s,s}$ or a chordless cycle of length greater than $\ell$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-08 Daniel Weißauer

A connected graph, on four or more vertices, is matching covered (aka 1-extendable) if every edge is present in some perfect matching. An ear decomposition theorem exists for bipartite matching covered graphs due to Hetyei. From the results…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Amit Kumar Mallik , Ajit A. Diwan , Nishad Kothari

In this article, we extend Moon's classic formula for counting spanning trees in complete graphs containing a fixed spanning forest to complete bipartite graphs. Let $(X,Y)$ be the bipartition of the complete bipartite graph $K_{m,n}$ with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-04 Fengming Dong , Jun Ge

Sumner's universal tournament conjecture states that every $(2n-2)$-vertex tournament should contain a copy of every $n$-vertex oriented tree. If we know the number of leaves of an oriented tree, or its maximum degree, can we guarantee a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-14 Alistair Benford , Richard Montgomery

For an odd integer $k$, let $\mathcal{C}_k = \{C_3,C_5,...,C_k\}$ denote the family of all odd cycles of length at most $k$ and let $\mathcal{C}$ denote the family of all odd cycles. Erd\H{o}s and Simonovits \cite{ESi1} conjectured that for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-16 Peter Allen , Peter Keevash , Benny Sudakov , Jacques Verstraete

We give new decomposition theorems for classes of graphs that can be transduced in first-order logic from classes of sparse graphs -- more precisely, from classes of bounded expansion and from nowhere dense classes. In both cases, the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Jan Dreier , Jakub Gajarský , Sandra Kiefer , Michał Pilipczuk , Szymon Toruńczyk

Konig's theorem states that the covering number and the matching number of a bipartite graph are equal. We prove a generalisation of this result, in which each point in one side of the graph is replaced by a subtree of a given tree. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ron Aharoni , Eli Berger , Ran Ziv

In this paper, we address the Ehrenborg's conjecture which proposes that for any bipartite graph the number of spanning trees does not exceed the product of the degrees of the vertices divided by the product of the sizes of the graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-16 Albina Volkova

The monochromatic tree partition number of an $r$-edge-colored graph $G$, denoted by $t_r(G)$, is the minimum integer $k$ such that whenever the edges of $G$ are colored with $r$ colors, the vertices of $G$ can be covered by at most $k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-01-03 Xueliang Li , Fengxia Liu

Given a bipartite graph with bipartition $(A,B)$ where $B$ is equipartitioned into $k\ge2$ blocks, can the vertices in $A$ be picked one by one so that at every step, the picked vertices cover roughly the same number of vertices in each of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-13 Tung H. Nguyen

Let $k$ be a positive integer. Let $G$ be a balanced bipartite graph of order $2n$ with bipartition $(X, Y)$, and $S$ a subset of $X$. Suppose that every pair of nonadjacent vertices $(x,y)$ with $x\in S, y\in Y$ satisfies $d(x)+d(y)\geq…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-24 Suyun Jiang , Jin Yan

We prove a far-reaching strengthening of Szemer\'edi's regularity lemma for intersection graphs of pseudo-segments. It shows that the vertex set of such a graph can be partitioned into a bounded number of parts of roughly the same size such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Jacob Fox , Janos Pach , Andrew Suk

We say that a $d$-regular graph is a $\gamma$-expander if for every not too large set of vertices $S$, there are at least $\gamma d |S|$ edges leaving $S$, and we say that a graph $G$ is $\gamma$-far from bipartite if at least $\gamma e(G)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-15 Domagoj Bradač , Oliver Janzer

We give a new, systematic proof for a recent result of Larry Guth and thus also extend the result to a setting with several families of varieties: For any integer $D\geq 1$ and any collection of sets $\Gamma_1,\ldots,\Gamma_j$ of low-degree…

For $r \geq 2$, we show that every maximal $K_{r+1}$-free graph $G$ on $n$ vertices with $(1-\frac{1}{r})\frac{n^2}{2}-o(n^{\frac{r+1}{r}})$ edges contains a complete $r$-partite subgraph on $(1 - o(1))n$ vertices. We also show that this is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-13 Kamil Popielarz , Julian Sahasrabudhe , Richard Snyder

In 1995, Koml\'os, S\'ark\"ozy and Szemer\'edi showed that every large $n$-vertex graph with minimum degree at least $(1/2 + \gamma)n$ contains all spanning trees of bounded degree. We consider a generalization of this result to loose…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-03 Yanitsa Pehova , Kalina Petrova
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