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Climate models (CM) are used to evaluate the impact of climate change on the risk of floods and strong precipitation events. However, these numerical simulators have difficulties representing precipitation events accurately, mainly due to…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Rilwan Adewoyin , Peter Dueben , Peter Watson , Yulan He , Ritabrata Dutta

A storm is a type of extreme weather. Therefore, forecasting the path of a storm is extremely important for protecting human life and property. However, storm forecasting is very challenging because storm trajectories frequently change. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Nguyen Van Thanh , Nguyen Dang Huynh , Nguyen Ngoc Tan , Nguyen Thai Minh , Nguyen Nam Hoang

Deep neural networks have made great achievements in rainfall prediction.However, the current forecasting methods have certain limitations, such as with blurry generated images and incorrect spatial positions. To overcome these challenges,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-21 XuDong Ling , ChaoRong Li , FengQing Qin , LiHong Zhu , Yuanyuan Huang

A new method for estimating tropical cyclone track uncertainty is presented and tested. This method uses a neural network to predict a bivariate normal distribution, which serves as an estimate for track uncertainty. We train the network…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 M. A. Fernandez , Elizabeth A. Barnes , Randal J. Barnes , Mark DeMaria , Marie McGraw , Galina Chirokova , Lixin Lu

Accurate forecasting of tropical cyclone (TC) intensity - particularly during periods of rapid intensification and rapid weakening - remains a challenge for operational meteorology, with high-stakes implications for disaster preparedness…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-29 Hongyu Qu , Hongxiong Xu , Lin Dong , Chunyi Xiang , Gaozhen Nie

Precipitation nowcasting is crucial across various industries and plays a significant role in mitigating and adapting to climate change. We introduce an efficient deep learning model for precipitation nowcasting, capable of predicting…

Precipitation governs Earth's hydroclimate, and its daily spatiotemporal fluctuations have major socioeconomic effects. Advances in Numerical weather prediction (NWP) have been measured by the improvement of forecasts for various physical…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-11-14 Manmeet Singh , Vaisakh S B , Nachiketa Acharya , Aditya Grover , Suryachandra A Rao , Bipin Kumar , Zong-Liang Yang , Dev Niyogi

Climate change is intensifying rainfall extremes, making high-resolution precipitation projections crucial for society to better prepare for impacts such as flooding. However, current Global Climate Models (GCMs) operate at spatial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Ran Lyu , Linhan Wang , Yanshen Sun , Hedanqiu Bai , Chang-Tien Lu

Anthropogenic influences have been linked to tropical cyclone (TC) poleward migration, TC extreme precipitation, and an increased proportion of major hurricanes [1, 2, 3, 4]. Understanding past TC trends and variability is critical for…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-02-02 Buo-Fu Chen , Boyo Chen , Chun-Min Hsiao , Hsu-Feng Teng , Cheng-Shang Lee , Hung-Chi Kuo

Deep learning models have achieved remarkable progress in precipitation prediction. However, they still face significant challenges in accurately capturing spatial details of radar images, particularly in regions of high precipitation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Li Chaorong , Ling Xudong , Yang Qiang , Qin Fengqing , Huang Yuanyuan

Tropical cyclones (TCs) are among the most devastating natural hazards, yet their intensity remains notoriously difficult to predict. NWP models are constrained by both computational demands and intrinsic predictability, while…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Shan Guo , Lei Chen , Yangyang Zhao , Yuetan Lin , Zeyi Niu , Xinyan Zhang , Ziyao Sun , Xiaohui Zhong , Hao Li

Accurate precipitation forecasting is essential for hydrometeorological risk management, especially for anticipating extreme rainfall that can lead to flash flooding and infrastructure damage. This study introduces a diffusion-based deep…

Tropical cyclones (TCs) pose severe threats to life, infrastructure, and economies in tropical and subtropical regions, underscoring the critical need for accurate and timely forecasts of both track and intensity. Recent advances in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Peisong Niu , Haifan Zhang , Yang Zhao , Tian Zhou , Ziqing Ma , Wenqiang Shen , Junping Zhao , Huiling Yuan , Liang Sun

Forecasting global precipitation patterns and, in particular, extreme precipitation events is of critical importance to preparing for and adapting to climate change. Making accurate high-resolution precipitation forecasts using traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 James Duncan , Shashank Subramanian , Peter Harrington

Tropical cyclones present a serious threat to many coastal communities around the world. Many numerical weather prediction models provide deterministic forecasts with limited measures of their forecast uncertainty. Standard postprocessing…

Applications · Statistics 2022-11-01 Stephen A. Walsh , Marco A. R. Ferreira , Dave Higdon , Stephanie Zick

Predictability analysis, which focuses on perturbation growth dynamic, is a key problem in both weather and climate prediction. Among all perturbations, the conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP) leads to maximum uncertainties in…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-03-30 Jingchen Pu , Mu Mu , Jie Feng , Hao Li

Short-term forecasting is an important tool in understanding environmental processes. In this paper, we incorporate machine learning algorithms into a conditional distribution estimator for the purposes of forecasting tropical cyclone…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-08-19 David B. Huberman , Brian J. Reich , Howard D. Bondell

Accurate cyclone forecasting is essential for minimizing loss of life, infrastructure damage, and economic disruption. Traditional numerical weather prediction models, though effective, are computationally intensive and prone to error due…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ethan Zachary Lo , Dan Chie-Tien Lo

Precipitation nowcasting, which predicts rainfall up to a few hours ahead, is a critical tool for vulnerable communities in the Global South frequently exposed to intense, rapidly developing storms. Timely forecasts provide a crucial window…

Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP), is widely used in precipitation forecasting, based on complex equations of atmospheric motion requires supercomputers to infer the state of the atmosphere. Due to the complexity of the task and the huge…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-10 Xinyu Xiao , Qiuming Kuang , Shiming Xiang , Junnan Hu , Chunhong Pan