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Severe data imbalance naturally exists among web-scale vision-language datasets. Despite this, we find CLIP pre-trained thereupon exhibits notable robustness to the data imbalance compared to supervised learning, and demonstrates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Xin Wen , Bingchen Zhao , Yilun Chen , Jiangmiao Pang , Xiaojuan Qi

Vision language foundation models such as CLIP exhibit impressive zero-shot generalization yet remain vulnerable to spurious correlations across visual and textual modalities. Existing debiasing approaches often address a single modality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Sunny Gupta , Shounak Das , Amit Sethi

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) formulates image classification as an image-to-text matching task, i.e., matching images to the corresponding natural language descriptions instead of discrete category IDs. This allows for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Shuhuai Ren , Lei Li , Xuancheng Ren , Guangxiang Zhao , Xu Sun

Dense visual perception tasks have been constrained by their reliance on predefined categories, limiting their applicability in real-world scenarios where visual concepts are unbounded. While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Junjie Wang , Keyu Chen , Yulin Li , Bin Chen , Hengshuang Zhao , Xiaojuan Qi , Zhuotao Tian

Few-shot learning (FSL) often requires effective adaptation of models using limited labeled data. However, most existing FSL methods rely on entangled representations, requiring the model to implicitly recover the unmixing process to obtain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Tianjiao Jiang , Zhen Zhang , Yuhang Liu , Javen Qinfeng Shi

CLIP models learn transferable multi-modal features via image-text contrastive learning on internet-scale data. They are widely used in zero-shot classification, multi-modal retrieval, text-to-image diffusion, and as image encoders in large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Marc-Antoine Lavoie , Anas Mahmoud , Aldo Zaimi , Arsene Fansi Tchango , Steven L. Waslander

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) achieves strong generalization in vision-language tasks by aligning images and texts in a shared embedding space. However, recent findings show that CLIP-like models still underutilize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Weiheng Zhao , Zilong Huang , Jiashi Feng , Xinggang Wang

Prompt tuning for vision-language models such as CLIP involves optimizing the text prompts used to generate image-text pairs for specific downstream tasks. While hand-crafted or template-based prompts are generally applicable to a wider…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Qian Zhang

Vision-language models like CLIP have achieved remarkable progress in cross-modal representation learning, yet suffer from systematic misclassifications among visually and semantically similar categories. We observe that such confusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Maoyuan Shao , Yutong Gao , Xinyang Huang , Chuang Zhu , Lijuan Sun , Guoshun Nan

Methods based on Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) are nowadays extensively used in support of vision-and-language tasks involving remote sensing data, such as cross-modal retrieval. The adaptation of CLIP to this specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 João Daniel Silva , Joao Magalhaes , Devis Tuia , Bruno Martins

We propose DiffCLIP, a novel vision-language model that extends the differential attention mechanism to CLIP architectures. Differential attention was originally developed for large language models to amplify relevant context while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Bernard Ghanem

The performance of vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, in visual classification tasks, has been enhanced by leveraging semantic knowledge from large language models (LLMs), including GPT. Recent studies have shown that in zero-shot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Hankyeol Lee , Gawon Seo , Wonseok Choi , Geunyoung Jung , Kyungwoo Song , Jiyoung Jung

Self-supervised contrastive learning models, such as CLIP, have set new benchmarks for vision-language models in many downstream tasks. However, their dependency on rigid one-to-one mappings overlooks the complex and often multifaceted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Yiming Zhang , Zhuokai Zhao , Zhaorun Chen , Zhili Feng , Zenghui Ding , Yining Sun

Contrastive language-image pre-training (CLIP) is a powerful vision-language model that has shown great benefits for various tasks. However, we have identified some issues with its explainability, which undermine its credibility and limit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Yi Li , Hualiang Wang , Yiqun Duan , Jiheng Zhang , Xiaomeng Li

Contrastive Vision-Language Pre-training(CLIP) demonstrates impressive zero-shot capability. The key to improve the adaptation of CLIP to downstream task with few exemplars lies in how to effectively model and transfer the useful knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Cilin Yan , Haochen Wang , Xiaolong Jiang , Yao Hu , Xu Tang , Guoliang Kang , Efstratios Gavves

Vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP are trained via contrastive learning between text and image pairs, resulting in aligned image and text embeddings that are useful for many downstream tasks. A notable drawback of CLIP, however, is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Dylan Sam , Devin Willmott , Joao D. Semedo , J. Zico Kolter

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) provides a foundation model by integrating natural language into visual concepts, enabling zero-shot recognition on downstream tasks. It is usually expected that satisfactory overall accuracy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Jie-Jing Shao , Jiang-Xin Shi , Xiao-Wen Yang , Lan-Zhe Guo , Yu-Feng Li

Large-scale vision-language pre-training has achieved promising results on downstream tasks. Existing methods highly rely on the assumption that the image-text pairs crawled from the Internet are in perfect one-to-one correspondence.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Yuting Gao , Jinfeng Liu , Zihan Xu , Jun Zhang , Ke Li , Rongrong Ji , Chunhua Shen

Visual foundation models like CLIP excel in learning feature representations from extensive datasets through self-supervised methods, demonstrating remarkable transfer learning and generalization capabilities. A growing number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Binjie Zhang , Yixiao Ge , Xuyuan Xu , Ying Shan , Mike Zheng Shou

Multi-label recognition with partial labels (MLR-PL), in which only some labels are known while others are unknown for each image, is a practical task in computer vision, since collecting large-scale and complete multi-label datasets is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Haoxian Ruan , Zhihua Xu , Zhijing Yang , Yongyi Lu , Jinghui Qin , Tianshui Chen