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We show that combining randomized measurement protocols with importance sampling allows for characterizing entanglement in significantly larger quantum systems and in a more efficient way than in previous work. A drastic reduction of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-26 Aniket Rath , Rick van Bijnen , Andreas Elben , Peter Zoller , Benoît Vermersch

We consider process tomography for unitary quantum channels. Given access to an unknown unitary channel acting on a $\textsf{d}$-dimensional qudit, we aim to output a classical description of a unitary that is $\varepsilon$-close to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-31 Jeongwan Haah , Robin Kothari , Ryan O'Donnell , Ewin Tang

Fidelity is a fundamental measure for the closeness of two quantum states, which is important both from a theoretical and a practical point of view. Yet, in general, it is difficult to give good estimates of fidelity, especially when one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-31 András Gilyén , Alexander Poremba

We study the problem of measuring errors in non-trace-preserving quantum operations, with a focus on their impact on quantum computing. We propose an error metric that efficiently provides an upper bound on the trace distance between the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-10 Yu Shi , Edo Waks

Quantum tomography is a fundamental technique for characterizing, benchmarking, and verifying quantum states and devices. It plays a crucial role in advancing quantum technologies and deepening our understanding of quantum mechanics.…

In this paper, we study the problem of mean estimation under 1-bit communication constraints. We propose a novel adaptive mean estimator based solely on randomized threshold queries, where each 1-bit outcome indicates whether a given sample…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-25 Ivan Lau , Jonathan Scarlett

We consider the problem of quantum state certification, where we are given the description of a mixed state $\sigma \in \mathbb{C}^{d \times d}$, $n$ copies of a mixed state $\rho \in \mathbb{C}^{d \times d}$, and $\varepsilon > 0$, and we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-21 Sitan Chen , Brice Huang , Jerry Li , Allen Liu

Suppose we have many copies of an unknown $n$-qubit state $\rho$. We measure some copies of $\rho$ using a known two-outcome measurement $E_{1}$, then other copies using a measurement $E_{2}$, and so on. At each stage $t$, we generate a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-29 Scott Aaronson , Xinyi Chen , Elad Hazan , Satyen Kale , Ashwin Nayak

The uncertainty principle sets a bound on our ability to predict the measurement outcomes of two incompatible observables which are measured on a quantum particle simultaneously. In quantum information theory, the uncertainty principle can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-03 H. Dolatkhah , S. Haseli , S. Salimi , A. s. Khorashad

We analyze the estimation of a qubit pure state by means of local measurements on $N$ identical copies and compare its averaged fidelity for an isotropic prior probability distribution to the absolute upper bound given by collective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 E. Bagan , A. Monras , R. Munoz-Tapia

Motivated by the problem of filtering candidate pairs in inner product similarity joins we study the following inner product estimation problem: Given parameters $d\in {\bf N}$, $\alpha>\beta\geq 0$ and unit vectors $x,y\in {\bf R}^{d}$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Rasmus Pagh , Johan Sivertsen

Entropy measures quantify the amount of information and correlation present in a quantum system. In practice, when the quantum state is unknown and only copies thereof are available, one must resort to the estimation of such entropy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-27 Ziv Goldfeld , Dhrumil Patel , Sreejith Sreekumar , Mark M. Wilde

We present and experimentally demonstrate a novel approach to verification and benchmarking of quantum computing, implementing it on an ion-trap quantum computer. Unlike previous information-theoretically secure verification protocols,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-06 Cica Gustiani , Dominik Leichtle , Daniel Mills , Jonathan Miller , Ross Grassie , Elham Kashefi

We describe a protocol for continuously protecting unknown quantum states from decoherence that incorporates design principles from both quantum error correction and quantum feedback control. Our protocol uses continuous measurements and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Charlene Ahn , Andrew C. Doherty , Andrew J. Landahl

Being able to quantify the level of coherent control in a proposed device implementing a quantum information processor (QIP) is an important task for both comparing different devices and assessing a device's prospects with regards to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 C. A. Ryan , M. Laforest , R. Laflamme

Based on Arimoto's work in 1978, we propose an iterative algorithm for computing the capacity of a discrete memoryless classical-quantum channel with a finite input alphabet and a finite dimensional output, which we call the Blahut-Arimoto…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-26 Haobo Li , Ning Cai

We study quantum state testing where the goal is to test whether $\rho=\rho_0\in\mathbb{C}^{d\times d}$ or $\|\rho-\rho_0\|_1>\varepsilon$, given $n$ copies of $\rho$ and a known state description $\rho_0$. In practice, not all measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-02 Yuhan Liu , Jayadev Acharya

We describe two procedures which, given access to one copy of a quantum state and a sequence of two-outcome measurements, can distinguish between the case that at least one of the measurements accepts the state with high probability, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-18 Aram W. Harrow , Cedric Yen-Yu Lin , Ashley Montanaro

In the last years several estimation strategies have been formulated to determine the value of an unknown parameter in the most precise way, taking into account the presence of noise. These strategies typically rely on the use of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-31 Andrea Smirne , Andreas Lemmer , Martin B. Plenio , Susana F. Huelga

Quantum phase estimation is a core task in quantum technologies ranging from metrology to quantum computing, where it appears as a key subroutine in various algorithms. Here, we quantitatively connect the performance of phase estimation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Felix Ahnefeld , Thomas Theurer , Martin B. Plenio