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The use of neural networks to approximate partial differential equations (PDEs) has gained significant attention in recent years. However, the approximation of PDEs with localised phenomena, e.g., sharp gradients and singularities, remains…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-30 Santiago Badia , Wei Li , Alberto F. Martín

The optimal Petrov-Galerkin formulation to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) recovers the best approximation in a specified finite-dimensional (trial) space with respect to a suitable norm. However, the recovery of this optimal…

We introduce an $r-$adaptive algorithm to solve Partial Differential Equations using a Deep Neural Network. The proposed method restricts to tensor product meshes and optimizes the boundary node locations in one dimension, from which we…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-10-21 Ángel J. Omella , David Pardo

Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have frequently been used for the numerical approximation of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). The goal of this paper is to construct PINNs along with a computable upper bound of the error,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-12-19 Lewin Ernst , Karsten Urban

Many computer vision and image processing problems can be posed as solving partial differential equations (PDEs). However, designing PDE system usually requires high mathematical skills and good insight into the problems. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2011-09-07 Risheng Liu , Zhouchen Lin , Wei Zhang , Kewei Tang , Zhixun Su

Solving partial differential equations (PDEs) is a central task in scientific computing. Recently, neural network approximation of PDEs has received increasing attention due to its flexible meshless discretization and its potential for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-18 Kejun Tang , Jiayu Zhai , Xiaoliang Wan , Chao Yang

The numerical methods for differential equation solution allow obtaining a discrete field that converges towards the solution if the method is applied to the correct problem. Nevertheless, the numerical methods have the restricted class of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-07-03 Alexander Hvatov , Tatiana Tikhonova

We present a methodology combining neural networks with physical principle constraints in the form of partial differential equations (PDEs). The approach allows to train neural networks while respecting the PDEs as a strong constraint in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-09-06 Sebastian K. Mitusch , Simon W. Funke , Miroslav Kuchta

Randomized neural networks (RaNNs) are attractive for partial differential equations (PDEs) because they replace expensive end-to-end training with a linear least-squares solve over randomized hidden features. Their practical performance,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-28 You Yang , Fei Wang

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are typically used as models of physical processes but are also of great interest in PDE-based image processing. However, when it comes to their use in imaging, conventional numerical methods for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Pascal Tom Getreuer , Peyman Milanfar , Xiyang Luo

Solving time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs) that exhibit sharp gradients or local singularities is computationally demanding, as traditional physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) often suffer from inefficient point…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Beining Xu , Haijun Yu , Jiayu Zhai , Kejun Tang , Xiaoliang Wan

Neural networks have shown promising potential in accelerating the numerical simulation of systems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). Different from many existing neural network surrogates operating on high-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Zijie Li , Saurabh Patil , Francis Ogoke , Dule Shu , Wilson Zhen , Michael Schneier , John R. Buchanan, , Amir Barati Farimani

We develop, analyze, and experimentally explore residual-based loss functions for machine learning of parameter-to-solution maps in the context of parameter-dependent families of partial differential equations (PDEs). Our primary concern is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-24 Pablo Cortés Castillo , Wolfgang Dahmen , Jay Gopalakrishnan

Predicting outcomes and planning interactions with the physical world are long-standing goals for machine learning. A variety of such tasks involves continuous physical systems, which can be described by partial differential equations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Philipp Holl , Vladlen Koltun , Nils Thuerey

In this paper we propose local approximation spaces for localized model order reduction procedures such as domain decomposition and multiscale methods. Those spaces are constructed from local solutions of the partial differential equation…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-07-31 Andreas Buhr , Kathrin Smetana

A major challenge in designing neural network (NN) systems is to determine the best structure and parameters for the network given the data for the machine learning problem at hand. Examples of parameters are the number of layers and nodes,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-25 Gonzalo Diaz , Achille Fokoue , Giacomo Nannicini , Horst Samulowitz

Solving nonlinear optimal control problems is a challenging task, particularly for high-dimensional problems. We propose algorithms for model-based policy iterations to solve nonlinear optimal control problems with convergence guarantees.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-17 Yiming Meng , Ruikun Zhou , Amartya Mukherjee , Maxwell Fitzsimmons , Christopher Song , Jun Liu

In this paper, we consider approximating the parameter-to-solution maps of parametric partial differential equations (PPDEs) using deep neural networks (DNNs). We propose an efficient approach combining reduced collocation methods (RCMs)…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-18 Guanhang Lei , Zhen Lei , Lei Shi , Chenyu Zeng

We introduce a generative learning framework to model high-dimensional parametric systems using gradient guidance and virtual observations. We consider systems described by Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) discretized with structured…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Han Gao , Sebastian Kaltenbach , Petros Koumoutsakos

Parametric partial differential equations (PDEs) are fundamental for modeling a wide range of physical and engineering systems influenced by uncertain or varying parameters. Traditional neural network-based solvers, such as Physics-Informed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Qiuqi Li , Yiting Liu , Jin Zhao , Wencan Zhu