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Automated generation of scientific protocols executable by robots can significantly accelerate scientific research processes. Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at Scientific Protocol Formulation Tasks (SPFT), but the evaluation of their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Seungjun Yi , Jaeyoung Lim , Juyong Yoon

By conditioning on natural language instructions, large language models (LLMs) have displayed impressive capabilities as general-purpose computers. However, task performance depends significantly on the quality of the prompt used to steer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Yongchao Zhou , Andrei Ioan Muresanu , Ziwen Han , Keiran Paster , Silviu Pitis , Harris Chan , Jimmy Ba

Language models (LMs) as conversational assistants recently became popular tools that help people accomplish a variety of tasks. These typically result from adapting LMs pretrained on general domain text sequences through further…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Milan Gritta , Gerasimos Lampouras , Ignacio Iacobacci

Automated resume information extraction is critical for scaling talent acquisition, yet its real-world deployment faces three major challenges: the extreme heterogeneity of resume layouts and content, the high cost and latency of large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Fanwei Zhu , Jinke Yu , Zulong Chen , Ying Zhou , Junhao Ji , Zhibo Yang , Yuxue Zhang , Haoyuan Hu , Zhenghao Liu

As the volume of peer-reviewed research surges, scholars increasingly rely on social platforms for discovery, while authors invest considerable effort in promoting their work to ensure visibility and citations. To streamline this process…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Qiguang Chen , Zheng Yan , Mingda Yang , Libo Qin , Yixin Yuan , Hanjing Li , Jinhao Liu , Yiyan Ji , Dengyun Peng , Jiannan Guan , Mengkang Hu , Yantao Du , Wanxiang Che

Reliable evaluation of large language models is essential to ensure their applicability in practical scenarios. Traditional benchmark-based evaluation methods often rely on fixed reference answers, limiting their ability to capture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Sujeong Lee , Hayoung Lee , Seongsoo Heo , Wonik Choi

While large language models (LLMs) have been used for automated grading, they have not yet achieved the same level of performance as humans, especially when it comes to grading complex questions. Existing research on this topic focuses on a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Wenjing Xie , Juxin Niu , Chun Jason Xue , Nan Guan

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for clinical decision support, where hallucinations and unsafe suggestions may pose direct risks to patient safety. These risks are hard to assess: subtle clinical errors are often missed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yinzhu Chen , Abdine Maiga , Hossein A. Rahmani , Emine Yilmaz

We present a novel framework that improves the reliability of LLM judges by selectively augmenting LLM with auxiliary evaluation dimensions. Existing LLM judges often miss crucial evaluation dimensions because they fail to recognize the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Jiajie Li , Huayi Zhang , Peng Lin , Jinjun Xiong , Wei Xu

Recently, there is a surge of interest in applying pre-trained language models (Pr-LM) in automatic open-domain dialog evaluation. Pr-LMs offer a promising direction for addressing the multi-domain evaluation challenge. Yet, the impact of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Chen Zhang , Luis Fernando D'Haro , Yiming Chen , Thomas Friedrichs , Haizhou Li

Like humans, large language models (LLMs) do not always generate the best output on their first try. Motivated by how humans refine their written text, we introduce Self-Refine, an approach for improving initial outputs from LLMs through…

With generative artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs), continuing to make inroads in healthcare, it is critical to supplement traditional automated evaluations with human evaluations. Understanding and…

The era of Large Language Models (LLMs) raises new demands for automatic evaluation metrics, which should be adaptable to various application scenarios while maintaining low cost and effectiveness. Traditional metrics for automatic text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Shuqian Sheng , Yi Xu , Tianhang Zhang , Zanwei Shen , Luoyi Fu , Jiaxin Ding , Lei Zhou , Xiaoying Gan , Xinbing Wang , Chenghu Zhou

Evaluation methods for autonomous driving are crucial for algorithm optimization. However, due to the complexity of driving intelligence, there is currently no comprehensive evaluation method for the level of autonomous driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Shanhe You , Xuewen Luo , Xinhe Liang , Jiashu Yu , Chen Zheng , Jiangtao Gong

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in multi-step reasoning tasks, yet their reliance on extensive manual labeling to provide procedural feedback remains a significant impediment. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Zhaorun Chen , Zhuokai Zhao , Zhihong Zhu , Ruiqi Zhang , Xiang Li , Bhiksha Raj , Huaxiu Yao

The remarkable success of pretrained language models has motivated the study of what kinds of knowledge these models learn during pretraining. Reformulating tasks as fill-in-the-blanks problems (e.g., cloze tests) is a natural approach for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Taylor Shin , Yasaman Razeghi , Robert L. Logan , Eric Wallace , Sameer Singh

Nowadays, the quality of responses generated by different modern large language models (LLMs) is hard to evaluate and compare automatically. Recent studies suggest and predominantly use LLMs for reference-free evaluation of open-ended…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Ruosen Li , Teerth Patel , Xinya Du

Recent advancements in large language models have sparked interest in utilizing them to aid the peer review process of scientific publication amid the peer review crisis. However, having AI models generate full reviews in the same way as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Tianmai M. Zhang , Neil F. Abernethy

Large language models (LLMs) are being widely applied across various fields, but as tasks become more complex, evaluating their responses is increasingly challenging. Compared to human evaluators, the use of LLMs to support performance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Yuran Li , Jama Hussein Mohamud , Chongren Sun , Di Wu , Benoit Boulet

Generating accurate step-by-step reasoning is essential for Large Language Models (LLMs) to address complex problems and enhance robustness and interpretability. Despite the flux of research on developing advanced reasoning approaches,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Shibo Hao , Yi Gu , Haotian Luo , Tianyang Liu , Xiyan Shao , Xinyuan Wang , Shuhua Xie , Haodi Ma , Adithya Samavedhi , Qiyue Gao , Zhen Wang , Zhiting Hu