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This article outlines a new framework of traffic light optimization through a digital twin of the transport infrastructure, managed by agentic AI to ensure real-time autonomous decisions. The framework relies on physical sensors and edge…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Salman Jan , Toqeer Ali Syed , Shahid Kamal , Qamar Wali , Ali Akarma

With the rapid development of intelligent vehicles and Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS), a new trend is that mixed levels of human driver engagements will be involved in the transportation system. Therefore, necessary visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Yongkang Liu , Ziran Wang , Kyungtae Han , Zhenyu Shou , Prashant Tiwari , John H. L. Hansen

Coordinated control of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) emerges as a promising technology to improve traffic safety, efficiency, and sustainability. Meanwhile, mixed traffic, where CAVs coexist with conventional human-driven vehicles…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-24 Tong Zhao , Nikolce Murgovski , Baigen Cai , Wei ShangGuan

Recent advancements in LiDAR technology have significantly lowered costs and improved both its precision and resolution, thereby solidifying its role as a critical component in autonomous vehicle localization. Using sophisticated 3D…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Yuze Jiang , Ehsan Javanmardi , Manabu Tsukada , Hiroshi Esaki

Active suspension systems are critical for enhancing vehicle comfort, safety, and stability, yet their performance is often limited by fixed hardware designs and control strategies that cannot adapt to uncertain and dynamic operating…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Ying-Kuan Tsai , Yi-Ping Chen , Vispi Karkaria , Wei Chen

Autonomous surface vessels (ASVs) are becoming increasingly significant in enhancing the safety and sustainability of maritime operations. To ensure the reliability of modern control algorithms utilized in these vessels, digital twins (DTs)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-07 Daniel Menges , Adil Rasheed

Cities have undergone significant changes due to the rapid increase in urban population, heightened demand for resources, and growing concerns over climate change. To address these challenges, digital transformation has become a necessity.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Vincenzo Barbuto , Claudio Savaglio , Roberto Minerva , Noel Crespi , Giancarlo Fortino

Autonomous surface vessels (ASVs) play an increasingly important role in the safety and sustainability of open sea operations. Since most maritime accidents are related to human failure, intelligent algorithms for autonomous collision…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Daniel Menges , Andreas Von Brandis , Adil Rasheed

Transportation Cyber-Physical Systems (T-CPS) enhance safety and mobility by integrating cyber and physical transportation systems. A key component of T-CPS is the Digital Twin (DT), a virtual representation that enables simulation,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Keshu Wu , Pei Li , Yang Cheng , Steven T. Parker , Bin Ran , David A. Noyce , Xinyue Ye

The rapid advancements of Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) have catalyzed the development of adaptive traffic signal control systems (ATCS) for smart cities. In particular, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Ao Qu , Yihong Tang , Wei Ma

Digital twin (DT) technology offers transformative potential for vehicular networks, enabling high-fidelity virtual representations for enhanced safety and automation. However, seamless DT synchronization in dynamic environments faces…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yinchao Yang , Yahao Ding , Jiaxiang Wang , Zhaohui Yang , Chen Zhu , Zhaoyang Zhang , Dusit Niyato , Mohammad Shikh-Bahaei

In this paper, we present a novel digital twin prototype for a learning-enabled self-driving vehicle. The primary objective of this digital twin is to perform traffic sign recognition and lane keeping. The digital twin architecture relies…

Rapid and reliable incident detection is critical for reducing crash-related fatalities, injuries, and congestion. However, conventional methods, such as closed-circuit television, dashcam footage, and sensor-based detection, separate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Bai Li , Achilleas Kourtellis , Rong Cao , Joseph Post , Brian Porter , Yu Zhang

Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) are highly expected to improve traffic throughput and safety at road intersections, single-track lanes, and construction zones. However, multiple CAVs can block each other and create a mutual deadlock…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Shunsuke Aoki , Ragunathan , Rajkumar

This paper presents a digital-twin platform for active safety analysis in mixed traffic environments. The platform is built using a multi-modal data-enabled traffic environment constructed from drone-based aerial LiDAR, OpenStreetMap, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Hao Zhang , Ximin Yue , Kexin Tian , Sixu Li , Keshu Wu , Zihao Li , Dominique Lord , Yang Zhou

Smart roads have become an essential component of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). The roadside perception technology, a critical aspect of smart roads, utilizes various sensors, roadside units (RSUs), and edge computing devices to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-18 Rui Chen , Lu Gao , Yutian Liu , Yong Liang Guan , Yan Zhang

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) uses diverse, unstructured data and makes RL capable of learning complex policies in high dimensional environments. Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) based on Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) offers an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Anum Mushtaq , Irfan ul Haq , Muhammad Azeem Sarwar , Asifullah Khan , Omair Shafiq

Air-ground integrated networks can relieve communication pressure on ground transportation networks and provide 6G-enabled vehicular Metaverses services offloading in remote areas with sparse RoadSide Units (RSUs) coverage and downtown…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Yongju Tong , Jiawen Kang , Junlong Chen , Minrui Xu , Gaolei Li , Weiting Zhang , Xincheng Yan

The transition from today's mostly human-driven traffic to a purely automated one will be a gradual evolution, with the effect that we will likely experience mixed traffic in the near future. Connected and automated vehicles can benefit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Shengchao Yan , Tim Welschehold , Daniel Büscher , Wolfram Burgard

Intersections are essential road infrastructures for traffic in modern metropolises. However, they can also be the bottleneck of traffic flows as a result of traffic incidents or the absence of traffic coordination mechanisms such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Dawei Wang , Weizi Li , Lei Zhu , Jia Pan