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As the Virtual Reality (VR) industry expands, the need for automated GUI testing is growing rapidly. Large Language Models (LLMs), capable of retaining information long-term and analyzing both visual and textual data, are emerging as a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zhenyu Qi , Haotang Li , Hao Qin , Kebin Peng , Sen He , Xue Qin

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has catalyzed a paradigm shift in programming, giving rise to "vibe coding", where users can build complete projects and even control computers using natural language instructions. This paradigm…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Fanheng Kong , Jingyuan Zhang , Yang Yue , Chenxi Sun , Yang Tian , Shi Feng , Xiaocui Yang , Daling Wang , Yu Tian , Jun Du , Wenchong Zeng , Han Li , Kun Gai

Web-based test automation heavily relies on accurately finding web elements. Traditional methods compare attributes but don't grasp the context and meaning of elements and words. The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Michel Nass , Emil Alegroth , Robert Feldt

The advent of immersive Virtual Reality applications has transformed various domains, yet their integration with advanced artificial intelligence technologies like Visual Language Models remains underexplored. This study introduces a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Mikhail Konenkov , Artem Lykov , Daria Trinitatova , Dzmitry Tsetserukou

Human language is grounded on multimodal knowledge including visual knowledge like colors, sizes, and shapes. However, current large-scale pre-trained language models rely on text-only self-supervised training with massive text data, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Weizhi Wang , Li Dong , Hao Cheng , Haoyu Song , Xiaodong Liu , Xifeng Yan , Jianfeng Gao , Furu Wei

Lately, researchers in artificial intelligence have been really interested in how language and vision come together, giving rise to the development of multimodal models that aim to seamlessly integrate textual and visual information.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Rajat Chawla , Arkajit Datta , Tushar Verma , Adarsh Jha , Anmol Gautam , Ayush Vatsal , Sukrit Chaterjee , Mukunda NS , Ishaan Bhola

In the rapidly evolving landscape of AI research and application, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have emerged as a transformative force, adept at interpreting and integrating information from diverse modalities such as text,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Abdur Rahman , Rajat Chawla , Muskaan Kumar , Arkajit Datta , Adarsh Jha , Mukunda NS , Ishaan Bhola

Vision language models (VLMs) have advanced graphical user interface (GUI) task automation but still lag behind humans. We hypothesize this gap stems from missing core GUI knowledge, which existing training schemes (such as supervised fine…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Chenrui Shi , Zedong Yu , Zhi Gao , Ruining Feng , Enqi Liu , Yuwei Wu , Yunde Jia , Liuyu Xiang , Zhaofeng He , Qing Li

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across a range of tasks that integrate visual and textual understanding, such as image captioning and visual question answering. These models are trained on large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Xiaomei Zhang , Hanyu Zheng , Xiangyu Zhu , Jinghuan Wei , Junhong Zou , Zhen Lei , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Interactive systems are omnipresent today and the need to create graphical user interfaces (GUIs) is just as ubiquitous. For the elicitation and validation of requirements, GUI prototyping is a well-known and effective technique, typically…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Kristian Kolthoff , Felix Kretzer , Christian Bartelt , Alexander Maedche , Simone Paolo Ponzetto

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly reshaped the trajectory of the AI revolution. Nevertheless, these LLMs exhibit a notable limitation, as they are primarily adept at processing textual information. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Akash Ghosh , Arkadeep Acharya , Sriparna Saha , Vinija Jain , Aman Chadha

GUIs have long been central to human-computer interaction, providing an intuitive and visually-driven way to access and interact with digital systems. The advent of LLMs, particularly multimodal models, has ushered in a new era of GUI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Chaoyun Zhang , Shilin He , Jiaxu Qian , Bowen Li , Liqun Li , Si Qin , Yu Kang , Minghua Ma , Guyue Liu , Qingwei Lin , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang , Qi Zhang

Visual agent models for automating human activities on Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) have emerged as a promising research direction, driven by advances in large Vision Language Models (VLMs). A critical challenge in GUI automation is the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Joonhyung Park , Peng Tang , Sagnik Das , Srikar Appalaraju , Kunwar Yashraj Singh , R. Manmatha , Shabnam Ghadar

One important step in software development is testing the finished product with actual users. These tests aim, among other goals, at determining unintuitive behavior of the software as it is presented to the end-user. Moreover, they aim to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Tim Rosenbach , David Heidrich , Alexander Weinert

Vision Large Language Models (VLMs) combine visual understanding with natural language processing, enabling tasks like image captioning, visual question answering, and video analysis. While VLMs show impressive capabilities across domains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Ahmed Sharshar , Latif U. Khan , Waseem Ullah , Mohsen Guizani

Search engines enable the retrieval of unknown information with texts. However, traditional methods fall short when it comes to understanding unfamiliar visual content, such as identifying an object that the model has never seen before.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Zhixin Zhang , Yiyuan Zhang , Xiaohan Ding , Xiangyu Yue

Vision-language models (VLMs) integrate visual and textual information, enabling a wide range of applications such as image captioning and visual question answering, making them crucial for modern AI systems. However, their high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Gaurav Shinde , Anuradha Ravi , Emon Dey , Shadman Sakib , Milind Rampure , Nirmalya Roy

Visual-language models (VLM) have emerged as a powerful tool for learning a unified embedding space for vision and language. Inspired by large language models, which have demonstrated strong reasoning and multi-task capabilities, visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Yifan Li , Zhixin Lai , Wentao Bao , Zhen Tan , Anh Dao , Kewei Sui , Jiayi Shen , Dong Liu , Huan Liu , Yu Kong

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has led to a new era marked by the development of autonomous applications in real-world scenarios, which drives innovation in creating advanced web agents. Existing web agents typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Hongliang He , Wenlin Yao , Kaixin Ma , Wenhao Yu , Yong Dai , Hongming Zhang , Zhenzhong Lan , Dong Yu

Large-scale Vision Language Models (LVLMs) exhibit advanced capabilities in tasks that require visual information, including object detection. These capabilities have promising applications in various industrial domains, such as autonomous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Haruki Sakajo , Hiroshi Takato , Hiroshi Tsutsui , Komei Soda , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Taro Watanabe
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