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Language model (LM)-based agents have demonstrated promising capabilities in automating complex tasks from natural language instructions, yet they continue to struggle with long-horizon planning and reasoning. To address this, we propose an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Wenyi Wu , Sibo Zhu , Kun Zhou , Biwei Huang

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into automated algorithm design has shown promising potential. A prevalent approach embeds LLMs within search routines to iteratively generate and refine candidate algorithms. However, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Fei Liu , Rui Zhang , Xi Lin , Zhichao Lu , Qingfu Zhang

The alignment of large language models (LLMs) aims to ensure their outputs adhere to human values, ethical standards, and legal norms. Traditional alignment methods often rely on resource-intensive fine-tuning (FT), which may suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Birong Pan , Yongqi Li , Weiyu Zhang , Wenpeng Lu , Mayi Xu , Shen Zhou , Yuanyuan Zhu , Ming Zhong , Tieyun Qian

Video procedure planning, i.e., planning a sequence of action steps given the video frames of start and goal states, is an essential ability for embodied AI. Recent works utilize Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate enriched action step…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Dejie Yang , Zijing Zhao , Yang Liu

Zero-shot NL2SQL is crucial in achieving natural language to SQL that is adaptive to new environments (e.g., new databases, new linguistic phenomena or SQL structures) with zero annotated NL2SQL samples from such environments. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Zihui Gu , Ju Fan , Nan Tang , Songyue Zhang , Yuxin Zhang , Zui Chen , Lei Cao , Guoliang Li , Sam Madden , Xiaoyong Du

Planning is a fundamental capability for large language models (LLMs) because such complex tasks require models to coordinate goals, constraints, resources, and long-term consequences into executable and verifiable solutions. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Ziliang Zhao , Zenan Xu , Shuting Wang , Hongjin Qian , Yan Lei , Minda Hu , Zhao Wang , Shihan Dou , Zhicheng Dou , Pluto Zhou

The increasing development of LLMs in code generation has drawn significant attention among researchers. To enhance LLM-based code generation ability, current efforts are predominantly directed towards collecting high-quality datasets and…

Background and Context: Over the past year, large language models (LLMs) have taken the world by storm. In computing education, like in other walks of life, many opportunities and threats have emerged as a consequence. Objectives: In this…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Arto Hellas , Juho Leinonen , Sami Sarsa , Charles Koutcheme , Lilja Kujanpää , Juha Sorva

This study explores integrating large language models (LLMs) with situational awareness-based planning (SAP) to enhance the decision-making capabilities of AI agents in dynamic and uncertain environments. We employ a multi-agent reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Liman Wang , Hanyang Zhong

There emerges a promising trend of using large language models (LLMs) to generate code-like plans for complex inference tasks such as visual reasoning. This paradigm, known as LLM-based planning, provides flexibility in problem solving and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Pengbo Hu , Ji Qi , Xingyu Li , Hong Li , Xinqi Wang , Bing Quan , Ruiyu Wang , Yi Zhou

Real-world multi-modal problems are rarely solved by a single machine learning model, and often require multi-step computational plans that involve stitching several models. Tool-augmented LLMs hold tremendous promise for automating the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zixian Ma , Weikai Huang , Jieyu Zhang , Tanmay Gupta , Ranjay Krishna

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various natural language tasks, but they often struggle with planning problems that require structured reasoning. To address this limitation, the conversion of planning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Sadegh Mahdavi , Raquel Aoki , Keyi Tang , Yanshuai Cao

The language generation and reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have enabled conversational systems with impressive performance in a variety of tasks, from code generation, to composing essays, to passing STEM and legal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Konstantina Christakopoulou , Iris Qu , John Canny , Andrew Goodridge , Cj Adams , Minmin Chen , Maja Matarić

Large Language Models (LLMs) are versatile, yet they often falter in tasks requiring deep and reliable reasoning due to issues like hallucinations, limiting their applicability in critical scenarios. This paper introduces a rigorously…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Saizhuo Wang , Zhihan Liu , Zhaoran Wang , Jian Guo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in solving various programming tasks, such as code generation. However, their potential for code optimization, particularly in performance enhancement, remains largely…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Tong Ye , Tengfei Ma , Xuhong Zhang , Hang Yu , Jianwei Yin , Wenhai Wang

We present a novel framework that integrates Large Language Models (LLMs) with automated planning and formal verification to streamline the creation and use of Markov Decision Processes (MDP). Our system leverages LLMs to extract structured…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Enrico Saccon , Davide De Martini , Matteo Saveriano , Edoardo Lamon , Luigi Palopoli , Marco Roveri

In the realm of data-driven AI technology, the application of open-source large language models (LLMs) in robotic task planning represents a significant milestone. Recent robotic task planning methods based on open-source LLMs typically…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Yike Wu , Jiatao Zhang , Nan Hu , LanLing Tang , Guilin Qi , Jun Shao , Jie Ren , Wei Song

Large Language Models (LLMs) have helped programmers increase efficiency through code generation, comprehension, and repair. However, their application to large-scale projects remains challenging due to complex interdependencies and the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Wuyang Zhang , Yansong Li , Zeyu Dong , Yu Wu , Yingyao Zhou , Duolei Wang , Songsirou Xing , Chichun Zhou , Da Shen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across a wide variety of tasks. However, they still face challenges with long-horizon planning. To study this, we propose path planning tasks as a platform to evaluate LLMs'…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Mohamed Aghzal , Erion Plaku , Ziyu Yao

Formal specifications, such as pre- and post-conditions provide a solid basis for performing thorough program verification. However, developers rarely provide such formal specifications, hence if AI could help in constructing them, it would…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-19 I. S. W. B. Prasetya , Fitsum Kifetew , Davide Prandi
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