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Recently, tool learning with large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a promising paradigm for augmenting the capabilities of LLMs to tackle highly complex problems. Despite growing attention and rapid advancements in this field, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Changle Qu , Sunhao Dai , Xiaochi Wei , Hengyi Cai , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Jun Xu , Ji-Rong Wen

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated significant potential to advance a broad range of domains. However, current benchmarks for evaluating MLLMs primarily emphasize general knowledge and vertical step-by-step reasoning…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have propelled groundbreaking advancements across several domains and are commonly used for text generation applications. However, the computational demands of these complex models pose significant challenges,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited great performance in autonomously calling various tools in external environments, leading to better problem solving and task automation capabilities. However, these external tools also amplify…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Hongfei Xia , Hongru Wang , Zeming Liu , Qian Yu , Yuhang Guo , Haifeng Wang

We present M^3-Bench, the first benchmark for evaluating multimodal tool use under the Model Context Protocol. The benchmark targets realistic, multi-hop and multi-threaded workflows that require visual grounding and textual reasoning,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yang Zhou , Mingyu Zhao , Zhenting Wang , Difei Gu , Bangwei Guo , Ruosong Ye , Ligong Han , Can Jin , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Tool-augmented large language models (LLMs) are rapidly being integrated into real-world applications. Due to the lack of benchmarks, the community has yet to fully understand the hallucination issues within these models. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Yuxiang Zhang , Jing Chen , Junjie Wang , Yaxin Liu , Cheng Yang , Chufan Shi , Xinyu Zhu , Zihao Lin , Hanwen Wan , Yujiu Yang , Tetsuya Sakai , Tian Feng , Hayato Yamana

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has outpaced the scalability of traditional evaluation benchmarks, which remain heavily dependent on labor-intensive expert curation. We address this bottleneck with Conv-to-Bench, a…

The rapid advancement of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has profoundly impacted the document domain, creating a wide array of application scenarios. This progress highlights the need for a comprehensive benchmark to evaluate these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Siqi Li , Yufan Shen , Xiangnan Chen , Jiayi Chen , Hengwei Ju , Haodong Duan , Song Mao , Hongbin Zhou , Bo Zhang , Bin Fu , Pinlong Cai , Licheng Wen , Botian Shi , Yong Liu , Xinyu Cai , Yu Qiao

The integration of experiment technologies with large language models (LLMs) is transforming scientific research, offering AI capabilities beyond specialized problem-solving to becoming research assistants for human scientists. In power…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-21 Mengshuo Jia , Zeyu Cui , Gabriela Hug

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in software engineering, yet comprehensive benchmarks covering diverse SE activities remain limited. We present a multi-task evaluation of 11 state-of-the-art LLMs…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Go Frendi Gunawan , Mukhlis Amien

Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in generating GPU Kernels. Current benchmarks focus on the translation of high-level languages into CUDA, overlooking the more general and challenging task of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Jiace Zhu , Wentao Chen , Qi Fan , Zhixing Ren , Junying Wu , Xing Zhe Chai , Chotiwit Rungrueangwutthinon , Yehan Ma , An Zou

This study investigates the efficacy of large language models (LLMs) as tools for grading master-level student essays. Utilizing a sample of 60 essays in political science, the study compares the accuracy of grades suggested by the GPT-4…

General Economics · Economics 2024-06-25 Magnus Lundgren

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), including GPT-4, provides exciting new opportunities for generative design. We investigate the application of this tool across the entire design and manufacturing workflow. Specifically, we…

Existing benchmarks for evaluating mathematical reasoning in large language models (LLMs) rely primarily on competition problems, formal proofs, or artificially challenging questions -- failing to capture the nature of mathematics…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jie Zhang , Cezara Petrui , Kristina Nikolić , Florian Tramèr

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly permeate the financial sector, there is a pressing need for a standardized method to comprehensively assess their performance. Existing financial benchmarks often suffer from limited language and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Xiaojun Wu , Junxi Liu , Huanyi Su , Zhouchi Lin , Yiyan Qi , Chengjin Xu , Jiajun Su , Jiajie Zhong , Fuwei Wang , Saizhuo Wang , Fengrui Hua , Jia Li , Jian Guo

Predictive analysis is a cornerstone of modern decision-making, with applications in various domains. Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools in enabling nuanced, knowledge-intensive conversations, thus aiding in complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Qin Chen , Yuanyi Ren , Xiaojun Ma , Yuyang Shi

Planning is a fundamental capability for large language models (LLMs) because such complex tasks require models to coordinate goals, constraints, resources, and long-term consequences into executable and verifiable solutions. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Ziliang Zhao , Zenan Xu , Shuting Wang , Hongjin Qian , Yan Lei , Minda Hu , Zhao Wang , Shihan Dou , Zhicheng Dou , Pluto Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) are now deployed worldwide, inspiring a surge of benchmarks that measure their multilingual and multicultural abilities. However, these benchmarks prioritize generic language understanding or superficial…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs), which integrate language and visual cues for problem-solving, are crucial for advancing artificial general intelligence (AGI). However, current benchmarks for measuring the intelligence of MLLMs…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for automating complex reasoning and decision-making tasks. In telecommunications, they hold the potential to transform network optimization, automate troubleshooting, enhance…