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While Hyperbolic Graph Neural Network (HGNN) has recently emerged as a powerful tool dealing with hierarchical graph data, the limitations of scalability and efficiency hinder itself from generalizing to deep models. In this paper, by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Jiaxu Liu , Xinping Yi , Sihao Wu , Xiangyu Yin , Tianle Zhang , Xiaowei Huang , Shi Jin

Clique-width is an important graph parameter due to its algorithmic and structural properties. A graph class is hereditary if it can be characterized by a (not necessarily finite) set ${\cal H}$ of forbidden induced subgraphs. We initiate a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-06-09 Alexandre Blanché , Konrad K. Dabrowski , Matthew Johnson , Vadim V. Lozin , Daniël Paulusma , Viktor Zamaraev

Knowledge hypergraphs generalize knowledge graphs using hyperedges to connect multiple entities and depict complicated relations. Existing methods either transform hyperedges into an easier-to-handle set of binary relations or view…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Mengfan Li , Xuanhua Shi , Chenqi Qiao , Teng Zhang , Hai Jin

The graph coloring problem asks for an assignment of the minimum number of distinct colors to vertices in an undirected graph with the constraint that no pair of adjacent vertices share the same color. The problem is a thoroughly studied…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Kenneth Langedal , Fredrik Manne

Graphs or networks are a very convenient way to represent data with lots of interaction. Recently, Machine Learning on Graph data has gained a lot of traction. In particular, vertex classification and missing edge detection have very…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Simon Brandeis , Adrian Jarret , Pierre Sevestre

In large-scale recommender systems, the user-item networks are generally scale-free or expand exponentially. The latent features (also known as embeddings) used to describe the user and item are determined by how well the embedding space…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Menglin Yang , Min Zhou , Jiahong Liu , Defu Lian , Irwin King

This work addresses a modification of the random geometric graph (RGG) model by considering a set of points uniformly and independently distributed on the surface of a $(d-1)$-sphere with radius $r$ in a $d-$dimensional Euclidean space,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-10-03 Alfonso Allen-Perkins

Graph-structured data are widespread in real-world applications, such as social networks, recommender systems, knowledge graphs, chemical molecules etc. Despite the success of Euclidean space for graph-related learning tasks, its ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Min Zhou , Menglin Yang , Lujia Pan , Irwin King

Counting small patterns in a large dataset is a fundamental algorithmic task. The most common version of this task is subgraph/homomorphism counting, wherein we count the number of occurrences of a small pattern graph $H$ in an input graph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Daniel Paul-Pena , C. Seshadhri

The classic upper bound on the chromatic number of $d$-degenerate graphs is $d+1$, shown to be tight by complete graphs. A natural question is whether this bound remains tight if one forbids large cliques. Classic constructions of Tutte and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-22 Domagoj Bradač , Jacob Fox , Raphael Steiner , Benny Sudakov , Shengtong Zhang

Vizing's theorem guarantees that every graph with maximum degree $\Delta$ admits an edge coloring using $\Delta + 1$ colors. In online settings - where edges arrive one at a time and must be colored immediately - a simple greedy algorithm…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Joakim Blikstad , Ola Svensson , Radu Vintan , David Wajc

The progress in hyperbolic neural networks (HNNs) research is hindered by their absence of inductive bias mechanisms, which are essential for generalizing to new tasks and facilitating scalable learning over large datasets. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Nurendra Choudhary , Nikhil Rao , Chandan K. Reddy

In this paper, we study Gromov hyperbolicity and related parameters, that represent how close (locally) a metric space is to a tree from a metric point of view. The study of Gromov hyperbolicity for geodesic metric spaces can be reduced to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Jérémie Chalopin , Victor Chepoi , Feodor F. Dragan , Guillaume Ducoffe , Abdulhakeem Mohammed , Yann Vaxès

This article discusses random hypergraphs with varying hyperedge sizes, admitting large hyperedges with size tending to infinity, and heavy-tailed limiting hyperedge size distributions. The main result describes a threshold for the random…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-11 Elmer Bergman , Lasse Leskelä

Graph representation learning (GRL) has emerged as an effective technique for modeling graph-structured data. When modeling heterogeneity and dynamics in real-world complex networks, GRL methods designed for complex heterogeneous temporal…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Huan Liu , Pengfei Jiao , Mengzhou Gao , Chaochao Chen , Di Jin

We show that complex (scale-free) network topologies naturally emerge from hyperbolic metric spaces. Hyperbolic geometry facilitates maximally efficient greedy forwarding in these networks. Greedy forwarding is topology-oblivious.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-09-13 Fragkiskos Papadopoulos , Dmitri Krioukov , Marian Boguna , Amin Vahdat

Heterogeneous graphs (HGs) are common in real-world scenarios and often exhibit heterophily. However, most existing studies focus on either heterogeneity or heterophily in isolation, overlooking the prevalence of heterophilic HGs in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Qin Chen , Guojie Song

Subgraph and homomorphism counting are fundamental algorithmic problems. Given a constant-sized pattern graph $H$ and a large input graph $G$, we wish to count the number of $H$-homomorphisms/subgraphs in $G$. Given the massive sizes of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Daniel Paul-Pena , C. Seshadhri

Many graph neural networks have been developed to learn graph representations in either Euclidean or hyperbolic space, with all nodes' representations embedded in a single space. However, a graph can have hyperbolic and Euclidean geometries…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 See Hian Lee , Feng Ji , Wee Peng Tay

Finding the largest clique is a notoriously hard problem, even on random graphs. It is known that the clique number of a random graph G(n,1/2) is almost surely either k or k+1, where k = 2log n - 2log(log n) - 1. However, a simple greedy…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2008-09-22 Atish Das Sarma , Amit Deshpande , Ravi Kannan