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Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a widely used reliable, non-invasive approach for cardiovascular disease diagnosis. With the rapid growth of ECG examinations and the insufficiency of cardiologists, accurate and automatic diagnosis of ECG signals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Dongdong Zhang , Xiaohui Yuan , Ping Zhang

The electrocardiogram (ECG) records electrical signals in a non-invasive way to observe the condition of the heart, typically looking at the heart from 12 different directions. Several types of the cardiac disease are diagnosed by using…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-16 Yong-Yeon Jo , Young Sang Choi , Jong-Hwan Jang , Joon-Myoung Kwon

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an essential and effective tool for diagnosing heart diseases. However, its effectiveness can be compromised by noise or unavailability of one or more leads of the standard 12-lead recordings, resulting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Huynh Dang Nguyen , Trong-Thang Pham , Ngan Le , Van Nguyen

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a widely used tool for assessing cardiac function due to its low cost and accessibility. Emergent research shows that ECGs can help make predictions on key outcomes traditionally derived from more complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yuan Gao , Sangwook Kim , Chris McIntosh

Mechanistic cardiac electrophysiology models allow for personalized simulations of the electrical activity in the heart and the ensuing electrocardiogram (ECG) on the body surface. As such, synthetic signals possess known ground truth…

Simultaneous electrocardiography (ECG) and phonocardiogram (PCG) provide a comprehensive, multimodal perspective on cardiac function by capturing the heart's electrical and mechanical activities, respectively. However, the distinct and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Sajjad Karimi , Amit J. Shah , Gari D. Clifford , Reza Sameni

Twelve-lead electrocardiography (ECG) is essential for cardiovascular diagnosis, but its long-term acquisition in daily life is constrained by complex and costly hardware. Recent efforts have explored reconstructing ECG from low-cost…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Guorui Lu , Xiaohui Cai , Todor Stefanov , Qinyu Chen

The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is a commonly used tool for detecting cardiac abnormalities such as atrial fibrillation, blocks, and irregular complexes. For the PhysioNet/CinC 2020 Challenge, we built an algorithm using gradient…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-27 Alexander William Wong , Weijie Sun , Sunil Vasu Kalmady , Padma Kaul , Abram Hindle

The realisation of precision cardiology requires novel techniques for the non-invasive characterisation of individual patients' cardiac function to inform therapeutic and diagnostic decision-making. The electrocardiogram (ECG) is the most…

Tissues and Organs · Quantitative Biology 2021-12-09 Julia Camps , Brodie Lawson , Christopher Drovandi , Ana Minchole , Zhinuo Jenny Wang , Vicente Grau , Kevin Burrage , Blanca Rodriguez

The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is the gold standard for cardiovascular monitoring, offering superior diagnostic granularity and specificity compared to photoplethysmography (PPG). However, existing 12-lead ECG systems rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Hui Ji , Wei Gao , Pengfei Zhou

Twelve-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) are the clinical gold standard for cardiac diagnosis, providing comprehensive spatial coverage of the heart necessary to detect conditions such as myocardial infarction (MI). However, their lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Xinyan Guan , Yongfan Lai , Jiarui Jin , Jun Li , Haoyu Wang , Qinghao Zhao , Deyun Zhang , Shijia Geng , Shenda Hong

An electrocardiogram (EKG) is a common, non-invasive test that measures the electrical activity of a patient's heart. EKGs contain useful diagnostic information about patient health that may be absent from other electronic health record…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-04 Andrew C. Miller , Ziad Obermeyer , David M. Blei , John P. Cunningham , Sendhil Mullainathan

Nowadays, an increasing number of people are being diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the leading cause of death globally. The gold standard for identifying these heart problems is via electrocardiogram (ECG). The standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Khiem H. Le , Hieu H. Pham , Thao B. T. Nguyen , Tu A. Nguyen , Cuong D. Do

Electrocardiography (ECG) is the clinical gold standard for cardiovascular disease (CVD) assessment, yet continuous monitoring is constrained by the need for dedicated hardware and trained personnel. Photoplethysmography (PPG) is ubiquitous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Xiaocheng Fang , Jiarui Jin , Haoyu Wang , Che Liu , Jieyi Cai , Yujie Xiao , Guangkun Nie , Bo Liu , Shun Huang , Hongyan Li , Shenda Hong

Electrocardiography (ECG) is a low-cost, widely used modality for diagnosing electrical abnormalities like atrial fibrillation by capturing the heart's electrical activity. However, it cannot directly measure cardiac morphological…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Michelle Espranita Liman , Özgün Turgut , Alexander Müller , Eimo Martens , Daniel Rueckert , Philip Müller

Electrocardiogram (ECG), a non-invasive and affordable tool for cardiac monitoring, is highly sensitive in detecting acute heart attacks. However, due to the lengthy nature of ECG recordings, numerous machine learning methods have been…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-04 Yue Wang , Xu Cao , Yaojun Hu , Haochao Ying , Hongxia Xu , Ruijia Wu , James Matthew Rehg , Jimeng Sun , Jian Wu , Jintai Chen

Recent introduction of wearable single-lead ECG devices of diverse configurations has caught the intrigue of the medical community. While these devices provide a highly affordable support tool for the caregivers for continuous monitoring…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-21 Kahkashan Afrin , Parikshit Verma , Sanjay S. Srivatsa , Satish T. S. Bukkapatnam

Electrocardiogram is a useful diagnostic signal that can detect cardiac abnormalities by measuring the electrical activity generated by the heart. Due to its rapid, non-invasive, and richly informative characteristics, ECG has many emerging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Hanhui Deng , Xinglin Li , Jie Luo , Di Wu

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the electrical measurement of cardiac activity, whereas Photoplethysmogram (PPG) is the optical measurement of volumetric changes in blood circulation. While both signals are used for heart rate monitoring, from a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Pritam Sarkar , Ali Etemad

Cardiovascular diseases are best diagnosed using multiple modalities that assess both the heart's electrical and mechanical functions. While effective, imaging techniques like echocardiography and nuclear imaging are costly and not widely…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-10-28 Sajjad Karimi , Shirin Karimi , Amit J. Shah , Gari D. Clifford , Reza Sameni
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