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Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm in Artificial Intelligence (AI), enabling agents to learn optimal behaviors through interactions with their environments. Drawing from the foundations of trial and error, RL…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Majid Ghasemi , Amir Hossein Moosavi , Dariush Ebrahimi

Reinforcement Learning and, recently, Deep Reinforcement Learning are popular methods for solving sequential decision-making problems modeled as Markov Decision Processes. RL modeling of a problem and selecting algorithms and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Reza Refaei Afshar , Joaquin Vanschoren , Uzay Kaymak , Rui Zhang , Yaoxin Wu , Wen Song , Yingqian Zhang

Recent adversarial attack developments have made reinforcement learning more vulnerable, and different approaches exist to deploy attacks against it, where the key is how to choose the right timing of the attack. Some work tries to design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Yang Li , Quan Pan , Erik Cambria

Learning a predictive model of the mean return, or value function, plays a critical role in many reinforcement learning algorithms. Distributional reinforcement learning (DRL) has been shown to improve performance by modeling the value…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Ju-Seung Byun , Andrew Perrault

Malware is constantly adapting in order to avoid detection. Model based malware detectors, such as SVM and neural networks, are vulnerable to so-called adversarial examples which are modest changes to detectable malware that allows the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Abdullah Al-Dujaili , Alex Huang , Erik Hemberg , Una-May O'Reilly

Robustness to modeling errors and uncertainties remains a central challenge in reinforcement learning (RL). In this work, we address this challenge by leveraging diffusion models to train robust RL policies. Diffusion models have recently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Daniele Foffano , Alessio Russo , Alexandre Proutiere

Extensive research demonstrates that Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) models are susceptible to adversarially constructed inputs (i.e., adversarial examples), which can mislead the agent to take suboptimal or unsafe actions. Recent methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Shenghong He

In applying deep learning for malware classification, it is crucial to account for the prevalence of malware evolution, which can cause trained classifiers to fail on drifted malware. Existing solutions to address concept drift use active…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Adrian Shuai Li , Arun Iyengar , Ashish Kundu , Elisa Bertino

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) augments the reinforcement learning framework, which learns a sequence of actions that maximizes the expected reward, with the representative power of deep neural networks. Recent works have demonstrated…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-10 S. Kevin Zhou , Hoang Ngan Le , Khoa Luu , Hien V. Nguyen , Nicholas Ayache

Evaluating deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agents against targeted behavior attacks is critical for assessing their robustness. These attacks aim to manipulate the victim into specific behaviors that align with the attacker's objectives,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Fengshuo Bai , Runze Liu , Yali Du , Ying Wen , Yaodong Yang

Meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) aims to learn from multiple training tasks the ability to adapt efficiently to unseen test tasks. Despite the success, existing meta-RL algorithms are known to be sensitive to the task distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Zichuan Lin , Garrett Thomas , Guangwen Yang , Tengyu Ma

Owe to the recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence especially deep learning, many data-driven decision support systems have been implemented to facilitate medical doctors in delivering personalized care. We focus on the deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Siqi Liu , Kee Yuan Ngiam , Mengling Feng

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is a very active research area. However, several technical and scientific issues require to be addressed, amongst which we can mention data inefficiency, exploration-exploitation trade-off, and multi-task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Mohammad Reza Samsami , Hossein Alimadad

Deep reinforcement learning has recently made significant progress in solving computer games and robotic control tasks. A known problem, though, is that policies overfit to the training environment and may not avoid rare, catastrophic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Xinlei Pan , Daniel Seita , Yang Gao , John Canny

Sample inefficiency is a long-lasting challenge in deep reinforcement learning (DRL). Despite dramatic improvements have been made, the problem is far from being solved and is especially challenging in environments with sparse or delayed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Federico Malato , Ville Hautamaki

Malware is one of the most common and severe cyber-attack today. Malware infects millions of devices and can perform several malicious activities including mining sensitive data, encrypting data, crippling system performance, and many more.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Pascal Maniriho , Abdun Naser Mahmood , Mohammad Jabed Morshed Chowdhury

Generating asset-specific trading signals based on the financial conditions of the assets is one of the challenging problems in automated trading. Various asset trading rules are proposed experimentally based on different technical analysis…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Mehran Taghian , Ahmad Asadi , Reza Safabakhsh

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for autonomous driving. However, despite their advanced capabilities, DRL-based policies remain highly vulnerable to adversarial attacks, posing serious safety risks in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Junchao Fan , Xuyang Lei , Xiaolin Chang

General game testing relies on the use of human play testers, play test scripting, and prior knowledge of areas of interest to produce relevant test data. Using deep reinforcement learning (DRL), we introduce a self-learning mechanism to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Joakim Bergdahl , Camilo Gordillo , Konrad Tollmar , Linus Gisslén

Advanced persistent threats (APTs) are sophisticated cyber attacks that can remain undetected for extended periods, making their mitigation particularly challenging. Given their persistence, significant effort is required to detect them and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Parth Atulbhai Gandhi , Prasanna N. Wudali , Yonatan Amaru , Yuval Elovici , Asaf Shabtai
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