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While cultural backgrounds have been shown to affect linguistic expressions, existing natural language processing (NLP) research on culture modeling is overly coarse-grained and does not examine cultural differences among speakers of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Weicheng Ma , Samiha Datta , Lili Wang , Soroush Vosoughi

Evaluation metrics are a key ingredient for progress of text generation systems. In recent years, several BERT-based evaluation metrics have been proposed (including BERTScore, MoverScore, BLEURT, etc.) which correlate much better with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Marvin Kaster , Wei Zhao , Steffen Eger

Sentiment analysis has become increasingly important in healthcare, especially in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. The data generated by the general public on the effectiveness, side effects, and adverse drug reactions are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Abhiram B. Nair , Abhinand K. , Anamika U. , Denil Tom Jaison , Ajitha V. , V. S. Anoop

In this research note we present a language independent system to model Opinion Target Extraction (OTE) as a sequence labelling task. The system consists of a combination of clustering features implemented on top of a simple set of shallow…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-29 Rodrigo Agerri , German Rigau

People convey their intention and attitude through linguistic styles of the text that they write. In this study, we investigate lexicon usages across styles throughout two lenses: human perception and machine word importance, since words…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Shirley Anugrah Hayati , Dongyeop Kang , Lyle Ungar

Sentence encoders map sentences to real valued vectors for use in downstream applications. To peek into these representations - e.g., to increase interpretability of their results - probing tasks have been designed which query them for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Steffen Eger , Johannes Daxenberger , Iryna Gurevych

Sentiment analysis is a vast area in the Machine learning domain. A lot of work is done on datasets and their analysis of the English Language. In Pakistan, a huge amount of data is in roman Urdu language, it is scattered all over the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Tooba Tehreem

Despite the success of distributional semantics, composing phrases from word vectors remains an important challenge. Several methods have been tried for benchmark tasks such as sentiment classification, including word vector averaging,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-12-14 Pranjal Singh , Amitabha Mukerjee

Large language models (LLMs) are ubiquitous in modern day natural language processing. However, previous work has shown degraded LLM performance for under-represented English dialects. We analyze the effects of typifying "standard" American…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Eileen Pan , Anna Seo Gyeong Choi , Maartje ter Hoeve , Skyler Seto , Allison Koenecke

We present SemanticQA, an evaluation suite designed to assess language models (LMs) in semantic phrase processing tasks. The benchmark consolidates existing multiword expression (MwE) resources and reorganizes them into a unified testbed.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yang Liu , Hongming Li , Melissa Xiaohui Qin , Qiankun Liu , Chao Huang

NLP research has increasingly focused on subjective tasks such as emotion analysis. However, existing emotion benchmarks suffer from two major shortcomings: (1) they largely rely on keyword-based emotion recognition, overlooking crucial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Tadesse Destaw Belay , Ahmed Haj Ahmed , Alvin Grissom , Iqra Ameer , Grigori Sidorov , Olga Kolesnikova , Seid Muhie Yimam

The intensity relationship that holds between scalar adjectives (e.g., nice < great < wonderful) is highly relevant for natural language inference and common-sense reasoning. Previous research on scalar adjective ranking has focused on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Aina Garí Soler , Marianna Apidianaki

Language model (LM) benchmarking faces several challenges: comprehensive evaluations are costly, benchmarks often fail to measure the intended capabilities, and evaluation quality can degrade due to labeling errors and benchmark saturation.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Valentin Hofmann , David Heineman , Ian Magnusson , Kyle Lo , Jesse Dodge , Maarten Sap , Pang Wei Koh , Chun Wang , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Noah A. Smith

Social aspects of software projects become increasingly important for research and practice. Different approaches analyze the sentiment of a development team, ranging from simply asking the team to so-called sentiment analysis on text-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Marc Herrmann , Martin Obaidi , Larissa Chazette , Jil Klünder

Sentiment polarity classification is perhaps the most widely studied topic. It classifies an opinionated document as expressing a positive or negative opinion. In this paper, using movie review dataset, we perform a comparative study with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2013-11-05 Zitao Liu

This paper presents the first Swedish evaluation benchmark for textual semantic similarity. The benchmark is compiled by simply running the English STS-B dataset through the Google machine translation API. This paper discusses potential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Tim Isbister , Magnus Sahlgren

The evaluation of image captions, looking at both linguistic fluency and semantic correspondence to visual contents, has witnessed a significant effort. Still, despite advancements such as the CLIPScore metric, multilingual captioning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Gonçalo Gomes , Chrysoula Zerva , Bruno Martins

Much work in the space of NLP has used computational methods to explore sociolinguistic variation in text. In this paper, we argue that memes, as multimodal forms of language comprised of visual templates and text, also exhibit meaningful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Naitian Zhou , David Jurgens , David Bamman

Previous researchers have considered sentiment analysis as a document classification task, in which input documents are classified into predefined sentiment classes. Although there are sentences in a document that support important…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Gihyeon Choi , Shinhyeok Oh , Harksoo Kim

This paper describes our approach to submissions made at Shared Task 2 at BLP Workshop - Sentiment Analysis of Bangla Social Media Posts. Sentiment Analysis is an action research area in the digital age. With the rapid and constant growth…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Pratinav Seth , Rashi Goel , Komal Mathur , Swetha Vemulapalli