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Imbalanced datasets present a significant challenge for machine learning models, often leading to biased predictions. To address this issue, data augmentation techniques are widely used in natural language processing (NLP) to generate new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Gabriel O. Assunção , Rafael Izbicki , Marcos O. Prates

Extraordinary amounts of data are being produced in many branches of science. Proven statistical methods are no longer applicable with extraordinary large data sets due to computational limitations. A critical step in big data analysis is…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-06-27 HaiYing Wang , Min Yang , John Stufken

The imbalanced data classification is one of the most crucial tasks facing modern data analysis. Especially when combined with other difficulty factors, such as the presence of noise, overlapping class distributions, and small disjuncts,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Michał Koziarski , Michał Woźniak , Bartosz Krawczyk

There has been great interest in enhancing the robustness of neural network classifiers to defend against adversarial perturbations through adversarial training, while balancing the trade-off between robust accuracy and standard accuracy.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Chester Holtz , Tsui-Wei Weng , Gal Mishne

Not all data in a typical training set help with generalization; some samples can be overly ambiguous or outrightly mislabeled. This paper introduces a new method to identify such samples and mitigate their impact when training neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Geoff Pleiss , Tianyi Zhang , Ethan R. Elenberg , Kilian Q. Weinberger

Data reduction is a fundamental challenge of modern technology, where classical statistical methods are not applicable because of computational limitations. We consider multiple linear regression for an extraordinarily large number of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-30 Torsten Glemser , Rainer Schwabe

Models initialized from self-supervised pretraining may suffer from poor alignment with downstream tasks, reducing the extent to which subsequent fine-tuning can adapt pretrained features toward downstream objectives. To mitigate this, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Gustav Wagner Zakarias , Lars Kai Hansen , Zheng-Hua Tan

Multi-label classification is a widely encountered problem in daily life, where an instance can be associated with multiple classes. In theory, this is a supervised learning method that requires a large amount of labeling. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-02 XIn Zhang , Yuqi Song , Fei Zuo , Xiaofeng Wang

Imbalanced data set is a problem often found and well-studied in financial industry. In this paper, we reviewed and compared some popular methodologies handling data imbalance. We then applied the under-sampling/over-sampling methodologies…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-07 Lian Yu , Nengfeng Zhou

This study uses stacked generalization, which is a two-step process of combining machine learning methods, called meta or super learners, for improving the performance of algorithms in step one (by minimizing the error rate of each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Kathleen Kerwin , Nathaniel D. Bastian

Class imbalance would lead to biased classifiers that favor the majority class and disadvantage the minority class. Unfortunately, from a practical perspective, the minority class is of importance in many real-life applications. Hybrid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Wenbin Pei , Ruohao Dai , Bing Xue , Mengjie Zhang , Qiang Zhang , Yiu-Ming Cheung , Shuyin Xia

Class imbalance in machine learning poses a significant challenge, as skewed datasets often hinder performance on minority classes. Traditional oversampling techniques, which are commonly used to alleviate class imbalance, have several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Sukumar Kishanthan , Asela Hevapathige

Class imbalance poses new challenges when it comes to classifying data streams. Many algorithms recently proposed in the literature tackle this problem using a variety of data-level, algorithm-level, and ensemble approaches. However, there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Gabriel Aguiar , Bartosz Krawczyk , Alberto Cano

In imbalanced multi-class classification problems, the misclassification rate as an error measure may not be a relevant choice. Several methods have been developed where the performance measure retained richer information than the mere…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-11-05 Sokol Koço , Cécile Capponi

Multimodal models often over-rely on dominant modalities, failing to achieve optimal performance. While prior work focuses on modifying training objectives or optimization procedures, data-centric solutions remain underexplored. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Seong-Hyeon Hwang , Soyoung Choi , Steven Euijong Whang

Class imbalance (CI) in classification problems arises when the number of observations belonging to one class is lower than the other. Ensemble learning combines multiple models to obtain a robust model and has been prominently used with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Azal Ahmad Khan , Omkar Chaudhari , Rohitash Chandra

Learning with noisy labels has gained increasing attention because the inevitable imperfect labels in real-world scenarios can substantially hurt the deep model performance. Recent studies tend to regard low-loss samples as clean ones and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Huafeng Liu , Mengmeng Sheng , Zeren Sun , Yazhou Yao , Xian-Sheng Hua , Heng-Tao Shen

Imbalanced data, where the positive samples represent only a small proportion compared to the negative samples, makes it challenging for classification problems to balance the false positive and false negative rates. A common approach to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-17 Pengfei Lyu , Zhengchi Ma , Linjun Zhang , Anru R. Zhang

One main challenge in imbalanced graph classification is to learn expressive representations of the graphs in under-represented (minority) classes. Existing generic imbalanced learning methods, such as oversampling and imbalanced learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Rongrong Ma , Guansong Pang , Ling Chen

Class imbalance problems manifest in domains such as financial fraud detection or network intrusion analysis, where the prevalence of one class is much higher than another. Typically, practitioners are more interested in predicting the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-16 Peter Xenopoulos